分类收运模式下考虑噪声污染的城市建筑垃圾多舱车收运路径多目标优化研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.2389

Abstract

Abstract:

With the accelerating urbanization process， construction waste generation has been increasing year by year， making sorted construction waste collection an inevitable trend. However， urban construction waste is predominantly transported at night using heavy-duty vehicles， which often generate high-decibel noise during operation. Focusing on the characteristics of non-concrete construction waste-including its small volume， suitability for multi-compartment vehicle transportation， and significant noise pollution， for the first time the consideration of both multi-compartment vehicles and road noise pollution is introduced. With the dual objectives of minimizing total cost and noise pollution， we formulate a multi-objective optimization model considering noise pollution for multi-compartment vehicle collection routes in urban construction waste transportation under sorted collection.To address the NP-hard nature of the model， an IMOEA/D membrane algorithm based on tissue P systems is proposed. This is the first time that a tissue P system-based membrane algorithm has been introduced， enabling the IMOEA/D algorithm to incorporate multiple decomposition strategies for parallel problem-solving. Furthermore， to overcome the limitations of traditional MOEA/D algorithms， such as reliance on a single evolutionary operator， fixed control parameters， and a fixed neighborhood size that reduce solution efficiency， the IMOEA/D algorithm integrates an individual classification strategy， a self-adaptive differential evolution operator selection strategy， and a dynamic neighborhood adjustment strategy， thereby further enhancing algorithm performance.By solving instances of various scales and comparing the results with those of benchmark algorithms， the proposed algorithm demonstrates high solution quality， with improved convergence and diversity. In addition， the effectiveness of incorporating the membrane algorithm and designing a self-adaptive differential evolution （DE） operator selection strategy is validated. Model comparison analysis highlights the necessity of considering noise pollution in the sorted collection of non-concrete construction waste. Decision preference analysis confirms the significant advantage of the proposed model in balancing the two objectives. Moreover， it is verified that introducing multi-compartment vehicles into the sorted collection of non-concrete construction waste can significantly reduce both collection costs and noise pollution， and that noise thresholds indeed have a substantial impact on total collection costs. Finally， a real-world case study provides theoretical guidance and decision support for addressing practical issues in urban construction waste sorting and collection.

Key words: multi-compartment vehicle, noise pollution, multi-objective, non-concrete construction waste, waste sorted collection, membrane algorithm

CLC Number:

F252.5

Jianhua Xiao,Wenxue Zhang,Wantong Lv, et al. Multi-objective Optimization of Collection Routes for Multi-compartment Vehicles Considering Noise Pollution in Urban Construction Waste Sorted Collection[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(11): 231-243.

Figures/Tables 16

符号	定义
$N$	建筑垃圾中转站{0}及 $n$ 个建筑垃圾点集合， $N = {0,1, …, n}$
$N'$	建筑垃圾点集合， $N' = {1,2, …, n}$
$P$	非混凝土建筑垃圾种类集合， $P = {1, …, p}$
$H$	多舱车车型集合， $H = {1, …, h}$
$K$	多舱车车辆集合， $K = {1, …, k}$
$i, j$	表示建筑垃圾中转站或建筑垃圾点， $i, j ∈ N$
$d i j$	表示节点 $i$ 和节点 $j$ 之间的距离
$q i p$	表示节点 $i$ 的非混凝土建筑垃圾 $p$ 的垃圾量
$Q h k p$	表示车型 $h$ 的多舱车 $k$ 装载非混凝土建筑垃圾 $p$ 的舱容
$C F h$	表示车型 $h$ 的多舱车的派车成本
$C V h$	表示车型 $h$ 的多舱车的单位路径成本
$g h k$	表示车型 $h$ 的多舱车自重
$λ i j$	表示从节点 $i$ 到节点 $j$ 的噪音污染系数
$N i j$	表示从节点 $i$ 到节点 $j$ 的噪音阈值
$A R$	表示滚动噪音回归系数1
$B R$	表示滚动噪音回归系数2
$v$	表示车辆行驶速度
$v r e f$	表示模型中采用的参考速度
$M$	表示车轴数量
$M r e f$	表示模型中采用的参考轴数
$L i j h k$	表示车型h的多舱车k从节点i行驶至节点j时的总噪声
$L r i j h k$	表示车型h的多舱车k从节点i行驶至节点j时的滚动噪声
$L e i j h k$	表示车型h的多舱车k从节点i行驶至节点j时的发动机噪声
$L t h r o t t l e$	表示最佳发动机转速下的全油门发动机声功率级
$B$	表示与发动机负荷相关的系数
$τ$	表示标准化发动机负荷
$u s$	表示滚动阻力的静态系数
$u k$	表示滚动阻力的动态系数
$ρ$	表示空气密度
$s$	表示车辆的正面横截面积
$C D$	表示气动阻力系数
$P$	表示发动机功率
$η$	表示传动效率系数
$x i j h k$	0-1变量，当使用车型h的多舱车k从节点i行驶至节点j时，取值为1；否则，为0
$y i p h k$	0-1变量，当使用车型h的多舱车k收运节点i的非混凝土建筑垃圾p时，取值为1；否则，为0
$W i j h k$	0-1变量，表示车型h的多舱车k从节点i行驶至节点j时的总载重
$z i p h k$	0-1变量，车型h的多舱车k在节点i收运非混凝土建筑垃圾p的垃圾量

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算例编号	M-IMOEA/D			I-MOEA/D(WM)			I-MOEA/D(PBI)
算例编号	Best	Worst	Mean	Best	Worst	Mean	Best	Worst	Mean
10-2-2	1.90×10⁶	6.35×10⁵	1.04×10⁶	8.66×10⁵	4.80×10⁵	6.69×10⁵	1.31×10⁶	3.95×10⁵	7.99×10⁵
10-2-4	1.41×10⁶	5.44×10⁵	9.71×10⁵	1.03×10⁶	5.87×10⁵	8.12×10⁵	1.35×10⁶	4.53×10⁵	9.00×10⁵
10-2-6	1.37×10⁶	6.60×10⁵	1.00×10⁶	8.14×10⁵	4.45×10⁵	6.33×10⁵	1.19×10⁶	5.56×10⁵	7.44×10⁵
15-2-2	3.95×10⁶	1.03×10⁶	2.41×10⁶	2.08×10⁶	1.00×10⁶	1.49×10⁶	2.52×10⁶	1.19×10⁵	1.83×10⁶
15-2-4	4.75×10⁶	1.45×10⁶	2.48×10⁶	2.34×10⁶	1.01×10⁶	1.57×10⁶	3.59×10⁶	1.30×10⁶	2.14×10⁶
15-2-6	3.43×10⁶	1.39×10⁶	2.24×10⁶	1.44×10⁶	1.01×10⁶	1.23×10⁶	3.26×10⁵	1.28×10⁵	2.28×10⁶
20-3-2	5.80×10⁶	2.43×10⁶	4.25×10⁶	3.21×10⁶	1.33×10⁶	2.36×10⁶	6.88×10⁶	2.68×10⁶	4.28×10⁶
20-3-4	6.38×10⁶	3.33×10⁶	4.63×10⁶	3.36×10⁶	1.41×10⁶	2.21×10⁶	5.54×10⁶	3.47×10⁶	4.31×10⁶
20-3-6	7.85×10⁶	2.79×10⁶	4.81×10⁶	2.64×10⁶	1.54×10⁶	2.02×10⁶	6.74×10⁶	2.63×10⁶	4.30×10⁶
30-3-2	8.66×10⁶	3.91×10⁶	6.21×10⁶	5.39×10⁶	3.16×10⁶	3.97×10⁶	7.14×10⁶	4.37×10⁶	6.35×10⁶
30-3-4	1.05×10⁷	4.36×10⁶	6.60×10⁶	4.10×10⁶	2.56×10⁶	3.26×10⁶	1.15×10⁶	4.43×10⁶	6.85×10⁶
30-3-6	1.10×10⁷	5.56×10⁶	7.67×10⁶	6.18×10⁶	3.05×10⁶	4.71×10⁶	1.05×10⁶	5.75×10⁶	7.48×10⁶

算例编号	单目标模型	本文模型	总成本值Gap	总噪声值Gap
10-2-3	(2552.62,864.60)	(2611.09,619.04)	-2.24%	39.67%
10-2-5	(2489.65,745.35)	(2607.26,594.89)	-4.51%	25.29%
10-2-7	(2462.89,724.17)	(2562.35,560.21)	-3.88%	32.48%
15-2-3	(4050.38,1441.92)	(4096.21,1015.06)	-1.12%	42.05%
15-2-5	(3428.19,1168.99)	(3665.70,965.16)	-6.48%	21.12%
15-2-7	(4618.84,1435.60)	(4827.84,992.89)	-4.33%	44.59%
20-3-3	(5428.86,1566.99)	(5833.63,1295.17)	-6.93%	20.99%
20-3-5	(6244.33,1620.16)	(6746.53,1241.55)	-7.44%	30.49%
20-3-7	(6358.82,1662.23)	(6635.52,1309.04)	-4.17%	26.98%
30-3-3	(10415.23,2533.51)	(11000.47,2016.25)	-5.30%	25.65%
30-3-5	(8906.57,2524.84)	(9825.02,1936.75)	-9.60%	30.36%
30-3-7	(9992.86,2428.13)	(11625.86,1960.76)	-14.05%	23.84%

算例	单舱车			多舱车
算例	运输距离	总成本	总噪声	运输距离	总成本	总噪声
10-2-1	1947	3761	1403	858	2565	595
10-2-2	1727	3994	1238	1333	2503	595
10-2-3	1774	4046	1379	860	2789	560
15-2-1	3318	6809	1859	1529	4613	840
15-2-2	3483	6855	1900	1515	4402	875
15-2-3	3165	7516	1860	1371	4025	1048
20-3-1	6872	16015	3811	2496	9274	1468
20-3-2	6302	14525	3733	2009	6433	1349
20-3-3	5368	11903	4117	1880	6387	1235
30-3-1	10000	20663	5494	3809	11185	2118
30-3-2	9564	20287	5809	4144	11157	2018
30-3-3	9053	20063	5510	4109	12113	2236

非支配解编号	总成本	总噪声污染值
1	6241.84	2440.14
2	6392.78	2202.99
3	6554.35	2189.12
4	6747.20	2147.50
5	6837.98	2118.42
6	6921.65	2100.82
7	7391.21	2007.45
8	7912.66	1948.76

车辆类型	车辆访问顺序	回收非混凝土建筑垃圾种类	总噪声污染值	总成本
III	0-26-16-3-1-20-23-2-24-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	466.84	1337.86
III	0-21-28-7-18-12-10-2-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	420.16	1316.25
III	0-14-29-30-2-23-4-8-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	373.47	1297.09
III	0-15-11-9-5-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	233.42	890.33
III	0-22-19-6-24-25-27-13-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	420.16	1238.11
III	0-8-17-4-0	玻璃、金属、竹木	186.73	841.98

Multi-objective Optimization of Collection Routes for Multi-compartment Vehicles Considering Noise Pollution in Urban Construction Waste Sorted Collection

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建筑垃圾点数	非混凝土建筑垃圾种类数	算例总数
10	2	10
15	2	10
20	3	10
30	3	10