Abstract:

In recent years， with the upgrading of people's consumption level and the change of consumption concepts， the demand for cold chain products in China has been increasing， the orders for products are becoming more and more fragmented， the logistics and transport routes are becoming more and more complicated， and the requirements for distribution efficiency are continuously rising. Multi-temperature co-distribution， as an efficient and flexible new distribution mode， can not only improve the flexibility of distribution path decision-making， but also reduce operating costs and improve service quality. Meanwhile， with the continuous progress of China's economy and society， green development has become a national strategy， and carbon emission reduction is an important initiative， the carbon emission problem of cold chain logistics must be paid attention to， and green and low-carbon has become an inevitable requirement for the development of cold chain enterprises. Furthermore， due to the acceleration of urbanisation， congestion has become the norm in the city. Daily traffic congestion in the city not only leads to delayed distribution of products and reduced service quality， but also increases the transportation cost and fuel consumption of vehicles. The problem of optimizing the time-varying path of cold chain logistics multi-temperature co-distribution is examined from a low-carbon perspective. The main elements are as follows：（1） The customers are clustered by considering both time and space factors simultaneously to provide a better initial solution for the subsequent search. A variety of neighborhood structures and selection methods are designed based on the characteristics of the problem. The validity of the model and the two-stage algorithm proposed in this paper is demonstrated through numerical experiments. （2） The introduction of a carbon trading mechanism is proposed to address the total cost of cold chain logistics and the carbon emissions generated during the distribution process. The impact of fixed carbon quotas and varying carbon trading prices for cold chain vehicles， and further the relationship between carbon quotas， carbon emissions， and total cost in the range where enterprises are sensitive to carbon trading prices is investigated. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights for both enterprises and the government. The study results indicate that the multi-temperature distribution mode is feasible for cold chain logistics and distribution. Compared to the traditional cold chain distribution mode， the multi-temperature distribution mode offers better path flexibility， higher vehicle load rates， and other advantages. Additionally， the realization of the 'dual-carbon' strategy requires joint promotion by the government and enterprises. Enterprises should consider carbon emission reduction in their decision-making process for production and transport. The government should strengthen supervision of carbon emissions and regulate carbon quotas and trading prices to ensure the synergistic development of economic and environmental benefits for enterprises.

Key words: spatio-temporal clustering, time-varying speed, multi-temperature joint delivery, carbon emission reduction