主管:中国科学院
主办:中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会
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中国管理科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 240-248.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.2767

• • 上一篇    

基于微分博弈的环境税政策效果研究

宋妍1,张鹭1,张明2()   

  1. 1.西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院, 陕西 西安 710126
    2.中国矿业大学经济管理学院, 江苏 徐州 221116
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-09 修回日期:2023-02-11 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 张明 E-mail:zhangmingdlut@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(72173094);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(XJS220609)

Research on the Effect of Environmental Tax Policy Based on Differential Game

Yan SONG1,Lu ZHANG1,Ming ZHANG2()   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
    2.School of Economics and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • Received:2022-07-09 Revised:2023-02-11 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2024-01-06
  • Contact: Ming ZHANG E-mail:zhangmingdlut@163.com

摘要:

环境税政策实施对于推进生态环境保护和绿色发展具有重要意义。通过引入环境污染累积存量和环境治理资本投入存量,运用连续时间的微分博弈模型,研究环境税的政策效果,阐明环境税政策在环境污染治理与环保资本投入之间的内在作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)在完美运作的经济-生态系统中,最优环境税政策设计等于单位污染物排放累积存量的影子价格;(2)环境税政策设计对经济-生态系统具有复杂的影响效应,短时间内会造成环境污染累积存量先减少后增加,长时间以后会减少环境污染累积存量的同时,提高环境污染治理资本存量的投入水平;(3)当环境税政策长期稳定实施,对污染企业形成倒逼机制时,其环境效益、经济效益和社会效益的综合作用可助推经济-生态系统实现高质量发展。

关键词: 污染物排放治理, 环境税, 政策效果, 微分博弈

Abstract:

The implementation of environmental tax policy is of great significance to promote ecological environment protection and green development. However, some researchers have not reached a broad consensus on whether environmental tax policy can effectively and pragmatically solve environmental pollution problems. They assume that the actual situation of the implementation effect of environmental tax policy is not yet ideal, and emphasize that the continuous improvement of environmental tax policy can promote its implementation effect to return to the ideal situation proposed by Pigou. It is argued that existing studies have responded to the controversy by only addressing when and under what conditions environmental tax policy is effective. A more general question is whether, as a punitive tax, environmental tax policy tools can solve environmental pollution problems in the established economic ecosystem, achieving a combination effect of environmental benefits, social benefits, and economic benefits? This crucial question is mainly answered.By introducing the cumulative stock of environmental pollution and the stock of environmental governance capital investment, and using the continuous time differential game model, the effect of environmental tax policy is studied, and the internal mechanism of environmental tax policy between environmental pollution governance and environmental protection capital investment is expounded. The results show that: (1) In a perfect economic ecosystem, the optimal environmental tax policy design is equal to the shadow price of the cumulative stock of unit pollutant emission. The optimal environmental tax is related to the pollutant emission coefficient, the level of capital investment in product production and pollution control, etc. (2) The environmental tax policy design has a complex impact on the economy ecosystem. In a short time, it will reduce the cumulative stock of environmental pollution first and then increase, resulting in limited environmental benefits. But in a long time, it will reduce the cumulative stock of environmental pollution and improve the stock level of environmental governance capital investment, exerting greater environmental benefits and economic benefits. (3) When the environmental tax policy is implemented stably for a long time and forms a forced mechanism for polluting enterprises, the comprehensive effect of its environmental, economic and social benefits can promote the high-quality development of the economic ecosystem.The research conclusion of this paper provides a scientific basis for decision-making departments to attach importance to the rigid and stable implementation of environmental tax policy tools. It can help to explain the differentiated reality of environmental tax policy effects in different periods and empirical results of different researchers. It also can reveal the policy functional effects of environmental tax in the specific context of considering cumulative quantity, promoting the development of the economy towards green and sustainable direction.

Key words: pollutant emission control, environmental taxes, policy effect, differential game

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