Abstract: In complex group decision making, conflicts are an inevitable issue. Conflicts often arise due to divergence in background and knowledge among experts. While the experts may face the same conflict within a given context, their distinct backgrounds and knowledge lead to varying perceptions and cognitions regarding it. At present, there has been a growing focus on the analysis and resolution of conflicts. However, limited research has considered the influence of conflict perception on group decision making. Therefore, drawing on the idea of symbol-meaning-value (SMV) space, the perception-cognition-action (PCA) concept is integrated into conflict space to construct a three-way group consensus model. Guided by conflict perception, cognitive conflict identification, and conflict resolution strategies, this model is designed to address conflict issues and facilitate consensus reaching. For conflict perception, a method for measuring conflict perception based on the characteristics of group consensus is proposed. Based on the conflict perception among experts, conflict initiators and receivers are further identified. Regarding cognitive conflicts, the Three-Way Conflict Analysis (TCA) method is employed to address the issue of cognitive conflict identification between experts and the group. Finally, for conflict resolution strategies, direction rules are designed to eliminate cognitive conflicts and facilitate the group consensus based on perceived conflicts. Furthermore, numerical experiments and robustness tests are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model. Through the numerical experiments and robustness tests, the following results are drawn: firstly, when considering conflict perception, the proposed method can effectively reduce the overall adjustment while shortening the required time to reach the consensus. Secondly, the decision results remain stable under different situations with our proposed method. Finally, the robustness tests show the stability of our proposed model in facilitating the group consensus. Overall, this research contributes to the field of group decision-making by providing a systematic approach integrating opinion dynamics and the three-way conflict analysis with conflict perception. The proposed method enhances group collaboration efficiency, facilitates consensus building, and mitigates conflict problems.

Key words: three way conflict analysis, three-way decision, group decision making, opinion dynamics, conflict perception