关键词: 区块链技术, 电力企业, 可再生能源电力消纳, 碳交易, 动态激励补贴

Abstract:

Renewable energy power consumption is an important way to achieve the China’s “Carbon Neutrality and Carbon Peaking” strategic goal. However， some regions in China only pursue the scale of wind power installation and economic benefits， ignoring the downstream consumption problem， which affects the sustainable development of the wind power industry. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period， China's new energy will grow substantially， and the average annual new installed capacity may double， and the cumulative installed capacity of new energy will account for 40% in 2030， surpassing coal power to become the largest power source. Therefore， China's renewable energy consumption will face greater pressure and challenges，in this paper， for the government’s dynamic incentive problem for power enterprises' renewable energy power consumption under the blockchain technology. Considering the smart contract， energy carbon token and market information disclosure of the blockchain， as well as the government’s carbon trading policy， and based on the state change of the expected consumption amount of renewable energy， the dynamic incentive subsidy models of the government are constructed by using principal-agent theory， including without blockchain， with blockchain and carbon trading under blockchain. The optimal control method is used to solve the equilibrium solution between the government and power enterprises in different situations， and the optimal dynamic trajectory change law of government incentive strategies are revealed， and the effects of relevant parameters， blockchain technology， and carbon trading policy are analyzed.The results suggest that　（1） Only when the opportunity cost of power enterprises is greater than a certain critical point and the fixed cost of blockchain is less than a certain critical point， the implementation of blockchain can help to improve the benefit of the government. （2） Only when the critical value of carbon emission reduction of power enterprises and the unit operation cost of blockchain are small， it is beneficial for the government to start the carbon trading market under the blockchain technology. （3） Under the government's dynamic incentive subsidy， the optimal dynamic trajectory of the expected consumption amount of renewable energy in different scenarios will increase monotonically over time and then tend to a steady state. （4） Finally， the numerical simulation shows that when the conversion rate of carbon emission reduction of power enterprises is relatively high， it is beneficial for the government to regulate and appropriately increase the carbon trading market price. The results provide good insights for the government to design the renewable energy power consumption incentive subsidy for power enterprises under the blockchain technology.

Key words: blockchain technology, power enterprises, renewable energy power consumption, carbon trading, dynamic incentive subsidy