中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 120-132.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.0518
收稿日期:2024-04-08
修回日期:2024-06-13
出版日期:2026-09-25
发布日期:2026-09-01
通讯作者:
王晶
E-mail:wangjingjob2010@126.com
基金资助:
Ling Zhang1, Xiaojin Zhuo1, Jing Wang2(
)
Received:2024-04-08
Revised:2024-06-13
Online:2026-09-25
Published:2026-09-01
Contact:
Jing Wang
E-mail:wangjingjob2010@126.com
摘要:
近年来,突发自然灾害事件反复考验着我国的应急系统,如何构建高效的救灾网络是应急物流管理中的一个重要研究方向。针对以上问题,本文对灾前准备和灾后响应两个核心环节展开研究,提出了针对不同类型的灾民采用不同救援策略的新模式,并引入剥夺成本描述灾民心理痛苦随等待时间的变化,在需求不确定的情况下,以系统总成本最小为优化目标,构建基于情境的两阶段p-鲁棒优化模型,实现选址、预置、物资分配和灾民转运的有机结合。通过四川省的地震案例验证所构建模型的有效性,并对相关参数进行灵敏度分析,揭示应急资源决策的若干举措,结果表明:p-鲁棒模型能够提高救灾网络跨情境的鲁棒性,为灾前阶段的相关决策提供理论基础和方法借鉴;剥夺成本作为衡量人道主义物流有效性的重要指标,有助于减轻灾民负面情绪对应急物流行动的影响;决策者在进行救灾供应网络统筹规划时,应尽可能扩大储备库的容量以降低短缺风险;设置惩罚成本会对灾后的救援行动产生显著影响,大大降低灾民未获得及时救援的可能性,进而有效控制灾情的发展,减少伤亡情况。
中图分类号:
张玲,卓晓瑾,王晶. 基于剥夺成本的应急选址-分配p-鲁棒优化研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2026, 34(9): 120-132.
Ling Zhang,Xiaojin Zhuo,Jing Wang. P-robust Optimization of Emergency Location-allocation Problem Considering Deprivation Cost[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(9): 120-132.
表8
各情境的最优目标值Fs*"
| 成本 | 情境 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||
| 灾前 | 建设成本 | 20,170,000 | 40,530,000 | 60,300,000 | 73,920,000 | 95,470,000 | 95,470,000 | 95,470,000 | 95,470,000 |
| 预置成本 | 538,566 | 1,125,226 | 1,739,979 | 2,342,528 | 3,345,500 | 3,345,500 | 3,345,464 | 3,345,500 | |
| 灾后 | 建设成本 | 6,000,000 | 11,700,000 | 16,700,000 | 22,200,000 | 29,200,000 | 29,200,000 | 29,200,000 | 29,200,000 |
| 物资运输成本 | 303,286 | 650,686 | 966,693 | 1,402,382 | 1,772,826 | 1,772,826 | 1,772,769 | 1,772,828 | |
| 灾民运输成本 | 62,464 | 116,005 | 181,282 | 251,482 | 337,453 | 331,905 | 330,587 | 328,143 | |
| 剥夺成本 | 2,041,654 | 1,707,105 | 3,111,161 | 3,575,493 | 4,927,010 | 3,845,441 | 3,613,672 | 3,096,598 | |
| 惩罚成本 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26,151,000 | 145,545,000 | 237,494,000 | 389,010,000 | |
| 总成本 | 29,115,970 | 55,829,022 | 82,999,115 | 103,691,885 | 161,203,789 | 279,510,672 | 371,226,492 | 522,223,069 | |
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