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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 120-132.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.0518

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基于剥夺成本的应急选址-分配p-鲁棒优化研究

张玲1, 卓晓瑾1, 王晶2()   

  1. 1.福州大学经济与管理学院,福建 福州 350108
    2.北京工商大学商学院,北京 100048
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-06-13 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 王晶 E-mail:wangjingjob2010@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省社会科学研究基地重大项目(FJ2023JDZ018);国家社会科学基金项目(21BGL224)

P-robust Optimization of Emergency Location-allocation Problem Considering Deprivation Cost

Ling Zhang1, Xiaojin Zhuo1, Jing Wang2()   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China
    2.School of Business,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-06-13 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-09-01
  • Contact: Jing Wang E-mail:wangjingjob2010@126.com

摘要:

近年来,突发自然灾害事件反复考验着我国的应急系统,如何构建高效的救灾网络是应急物流管理中的一个重要研究方向。针对以上问题,本文对灾前准备和灾后响应两个核心环节展开研究,提出了针对不同类型的灾民采用不同救援策略的新模式,并引入剥夺成本描述灾民心理痛苦随等待时间的变化,在需求不确定的情况下,以系统总成本最小为优化目标,构建基于情境的两阶段p-鲁棒优化模型,实现选址、预置、物资分配和灾民转运的有机结合。通过四川省的地震案例验证所构建模型的有效性,并对相关参数进行灵敏度分析,揭示应急资源决策的若干举措,结果表明:p-鲁棒模型能够提高救灾网络跨情境的鲁棒性,为灾前阶段的相关决策提供理论基础和方法借鉴;剥夺成本作为衡量人道主义物流有效性的重要指标,有助于减轻灾民负面情绪对应急物流行动的影响;决策者在进行救灾供应网络统筹规划时,应尽可能扩大储备库的容量以降低短缺风险;设置惩罚成本会对灾后的救援行动产生显著影响,大大降低灾民未获得及时救援的可能性,进而有效控制灾情的发展,减少伤亡情况。

关键词: 应急物流, 鲁棒优化, 剥夺成本, 选址-分配

Abstract:

Natural disasters pose a great threat to humanity. In order to improve the ability of disaster relief network, it focuses on pre-disaster facilities location and post-disaster capacity allocation and evacuation of disaster victims under uncertain demand. Considering two different types of disaster victims and deprivation costs, a scenario based robust optimization model is developed to minimize the expected total cost. Finally, taking the Sichuan earthquake as a case, numerical experiments and sensitivity analysis are performed to prove the effectiveness of the model and obtain some management insights. The results show that comparing with the deterministic model and stochastic programming model, p-robust optimization model can effectively enhance the cross-scenario robustness of decision-making. In addition, deprivation cost plays an important role in balancing economic benefits and psychological pain in decision-making. Expanding the capacity of emergency reserve warehouse can reduce the risk of shortages. Besides, emphasizing the evacuation of disaster victims can effectively control the deterioration of the disaster and reduce casualties.

Key words: emergency logistics, robust optimization, deprivation cost, location-allocation

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