中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 114-121.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0755cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0755
收稿日期:2023-05-08
修回日期:2023-06-19
出版日期:2026-03-25
发布日期:2026-03-06
通讯作者:
王熹徽
E-mail:wxihui@ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:Received:2023-05-08
Revised:2023-06-19
Online:2026-03-25
Published:2026-03-06
Contact:
Xihui Wang
E-mail:wxihui@ustc.edu.cn
摘要:
近年来,我国自然灾害频发,应急物资需求量大幅提升。在面对不同灾害场景时,需要应急物流决策者根据实际情况,选用合适的模型工具,寻找最优的解决方案。然而,当前的应急物流决策模型研究存在忽视灾民感受、与实际脱节等问题,很难为决策者提供实质性的帮助。为解决上述问题,本文通过研究相关文献,结合当前应急物流运作的实际情况,提出以匮乏成本作为衡量指标,根据灾害场景考虑新的目标函数和约束条件,并将政府部门与非政府组织等不同类型的决策者进行区分。基于上述理论与方法,本文构建了不同灾害场景下的应急物流决策模型,并通过简单的算例来验证其应用效果。研究结果表明,应急物流建模应识别、区分不同灾害场景以及不同决策者类型,并在不同的目标函数之间做出权衡。
中图分类号:
樊彧,王熹徽. 不同灾害场景下基于匮乏理论的应急物流决策模型构建与分析[J]. 中国管理科学, 2026, 34(3): 114-121.
Yu Fan,Xihui Wang. Construction and Analysis of Emergency Logistics Decision-Making Models Based on Deprivation Theory in Different Scenarios of Disasters[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(3): 114-121.
表5
基础模型计算结果"
| 路径 | 应急物流运作效果(目标函数值) | 效果成本比 | 各需求点最长匮乏时间 | 实际运输时间 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 运输5次 | 5-4-2-1-3 | 213316 | 7.7344 | (63, 70, 68, 84, 107) | 76 |
| 运输6次 | 5-4-2-1-3-5 | 225201 | 7.5167 | (63, 70, 68, 84, 76) | 102 |
| 运输7次 | 1-3-5-2-1-4-3 | 225046 | 7.5166 | (61, 68, 76, 72, 85) | 98 |
| 运输8次 | 1-1-1-5-3-2-4-1 | 224030 | 7.4876 | (76, 64, 68, 78, 89) | 94 |
| 运输9次 | 1-1-1-3-1-4-2-3-1 | 181625 | 6.0744 | (50, 64, 50, 70, max) | 90 |
| 运输10次 | 1-1-1-1-1-1-4-2-3-1 | 181159 | 6.0629 | (50, 60, 72, 74, max) | 86 |
表6
紧急情况模型计算结果"
| 路径 | 应急物流运作效果(目标函数值) | 效果成本比 | 各需求点最长匮乏时间 | 实际运输时间 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 运输5次 | 5-4-2-1-3 | 213316 | 7.7344 | (63, 70, 68, 84, 107) | 76 |
| 运输6次 | 5-4-2-1-3-5 | 225201 | 7.5167 | (63, 70, 68, 84, 76) | 102 |
| 运输7次 | 5-3-4-1-2-5-3 | 225812 | 7.1595 | (65, 72, 76, 68, 76) | 118 |
| 运输8次 | 2-5-4-1-2-3-5-1 | 225836 | 7.1287 | (57, 60, 76, 76, 76) | 116 |
| 运输9次 | 1-1-5-3-2-1-4-5-1 | 225803 | 6.9908 | (56, 62, 74, 78, 76) | 120 |
| 运输10次 | 1-1-2-3-4-1-5-2-3-1 | 225646 | 6.9558 | (56, 76, 76, 74, 75) | 118 |
表7
恢复阶段模型计算结果"
| 路径 | 应急物流运作效果 | 效果成本比(目标函数值) | 各需求点最长匮乏时间 | 实际运输时间 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 运输5次 | 5-4-2-1-3 | 213316 | 7.7344 | (63, 70, 68, 84, 107) | 76 |
| 运输6次 | 2-5-4-1-2-3 | 220721 | 7.7392 | (63, 60, 76, 76, 99) | 84 |
| 运输7次 | 1-1-5-3-2-1-4 | 222591 | 7.6387 | (56, 62, 74, 78, 95) | 88 |
| 运输8次 | 1-1-1-5-3-2-4-1 | 224030 | 7.4876 | (76, 64, 68, 78, 89) | 94 |
| 运输9次 | 1-1-1-1-5-2-3-4-1 | 224412 | 7.3098 | (76, 66, 66, 84, 83) | 100 |
| 运输10次 | 1-1-1-1-5-2-3-4-1-1 | 224413 | 7.1287 | (76, 66, 66, 84, 83) | 106 |
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