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主管:中国科学院
主办:中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会
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Table of Content

    20 April 2022, Volume 30 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Articles
    Research on Systemic Risk Contagion Effect of Chinese Financial Institutions Considering Network Public Opinion Index
    OUYANG Zi-sheng, YANG Xi-te, HUANG Ying
    2022, 30 (4):  1-12.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0044
    Abstract ( 702 )   PDF (2378KB) ( 901 )   Save
    The global financial crisis of 2007-2009 has aroused considerable interest in systemic risk, and has triggered rethinking of systemic financial risks by international organizations, financial regulators and scholars in various countries. The crisis connected socio-economic entities such as banks, real estate, insurance companies, hedge funds, and consumers into a community of economic interests, sharing risk factors. Financial crisis refers that the values of most financial assets drop together or one institution’s failure could propagate to other institutions, thus, financial crisis is systemic and results in the collapse of whole financial system. In fact, during the financial crisis, losses spread across financial institutions and the financial system is threatened. At the same time, the contagion of financial risks is becoming more and more frequently, and extreme risk events, including “cash crunch” and “curcuit breakers”, have caused the spread of network public opinion, and made systemic financial risks spread rapidly in the capital market.
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    Margin Trading, Short Selling Constraints and Stock Market Volatility
    ZHU Guang-wei, YANG Tao, DU Zai-chao
    2022, 30 (4):  13-29.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.0216
    Abstract ( 499 )   PDF (2435KB) ( 496 )   Save
    Although a large number of classical theories and empirical literature prove that with the relaxation of short-selling constraints, stock prices are more likely to approach theirfundamental values.The positive effect of the short-selling mechanism has always been controversial.Regardless of the 2008 global financial crisis or the 2015 China stock market crash, governments all over the world imposed different degrees of restrictions on short-selling transactions in order to curb the stock price plummet during market panic. Even when the market is operating smoothly, governments have imposed different degrees of restrictions on short sales, thereby reducing potential risks.
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    Forecasting Volatility of China Gold Futures Price: New Evidence from Model Shrinkage Methods
    LIANG Chao, WEI Yu, MA Feng, LI Xia-fei
    2022, 30 (4):  30-41.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0488
    Abstract ( 467 )   PDF (1256KB) ( 559 )   Save
    As an important safe-haven asset, the quantitative description and prediction of the price volatility of gold is of great significance to the risk management decisions for various investors. Based on the standard regression model, principal component analysis, combination forecast, and two model shrinkage methods (i.e., Elastic net and Lasso) are employed to design new volatility prediction models and investigate which method can more effectively use the information of multiple predictors. In addition, the model confidence set (MCS), out-of-sample R2, Direction-of-change (DoC) evaluation methods are used to assess the out-of-sample prediction accuracy of the new models. The empirical results show that no matter which evaluation method is used, compared with other competition models, the out-of-sample prediction accuracy of the two shrinkage models is the best, which can provide a reliable guarantee for the volatility forecast of China's gold futures prices.
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    Time-consistent Strategy for Themultiperiod Fuzzy Portfolio Selection with Real Constraints
    ZHANG Peng, LI Ying, ZENG Yong-quan
    2022, 30 (4):  42-51.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.1759
    Abstract ( 377 )   PDF (795KB) ( 354 )   Save
    Considering the borrowing constraints, threshold constraints, return demand and cardinality constraints, a new multiperiod possibislistic mean standard lower semi-variance portfolio selection model is proposed. Based on the possibilistic theory, the proposed model can be transformed into a crisp nonlinear dynamic optimization problem. Because the standard deviation operator is not separable, the optimal solution of the model is not time-consistent. By applying the game theory, the model is transformed into a time-consistentdynamic optimization problem. The discrete iteration method is used to obtain the optimal time-consistent strategy.Finally, the comparison analyses of trade-off parameters, different desired number of risk assets and different borrowing constraints are givento illustrate the idea of the model and the effectiveness of the designed algorithm.
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    Does Investor Sentiment Affect the Price Dynamic Relationship of Stock Index Futures-spot Market?
    ZHU Li, LIU Xiang-li, YANG Xiao-guang
    2022, 30 (4):  52-62.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.0281
    Abstract ( 397 )   PDF (1025KB) ( 657 )   Save
    The ideas of Baker and Wurgler are used toconstruct the investor sentiment index. Under the analysis framework of the interaction between arbitrage, speculative trading and investor sentiment, DY spillover index is utilized,comparative analysis of the trading risks and price dynamics of stock index futures and spot markets before and after the implementation of the restrictive policy in August 2015 is affected by different investor sentiments. It is found that:(1) When the mood is high, the trading risk in the futures market is increased, and the trading risk in the spot market does not change significantly or is reduced; When the mood is low, the trading risk of the futures market is completely opposite before and after the restrictive policy. Before the implementation, the trading risk of the futures market is reduced, after the implementation, the trading risk of the futures market is increased, and the trading risk of the spot market is increased before and after the implementation. (2) The correlation between futures-spot markets and the price discovery ability of the futures market are reduced by the rising emotion, and the correlation between futures-spot markets and the price discovery ability of the futures market are increased by the low emotion. The influence degree of emotion is asymmetric, the decreasing range is greater than the rising range. (3) The influence of investor sentiment on the relationship between futures and spot markets and the ability to discover futures prices has not been changed by the strict trading controls in the stock index futures market.
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    Variable Selection of Proportional Data Based on Tobit Quantile Regression Model
    ZHAO Wei-hua, WANG Ling, CHENG Zhe, ZHANG Ri-quan
    2022, 30 (4):  63-73.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.0291
    Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (1384KB) ( 366 )   Save
    According to the features of the proportional data taken values on the closed interval [0,1] for the household coverage rate of commercial health insurance, in this paper, the Bayesian quantile regression modeling method is investigated for proportional response data based on the Tobit model. By introducing the “spike-and-slab” prior distributions of coefficients, the threshold rule-based Bayesian variable selection method is proposed by applying the EM algorithm. Extensive numerical simulation studies are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed Bayesian variable selection method, and it has many merits such as easy implementation and cheap computation. Finally, the newly proposed method is applied to analyze the household coverage rate of commercial health insurance data, the influence factors of the coverage rate of commercial health insurance are uncovered at different quantile levels and some interesting results are gotten.
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    Research on The Influence of Green Consumers on The Diffusion of New Energy Vehicles Based on Complex Network Evolutionary Game
    WANG Lu, MA Qing-qing, YANG Jie, ZHENG Jun-jun
    2022, 30 (4):  74-85.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.1508
    Abstract ( 730 )   PDF (3892KB) ( 1165 )   Save
    As an alternative to traditional fuel vehicles, the advantages of new energy vehicles in energy conservation and emission reduction have attracted extensive attention from countries all over the world. The Chinese government also attaches great importance to the cultivation and development of the new energy vehicle industry, and takes the new energy vehicle industry as a strategic emerging industry. Although China has become the world’s largest market for electric vehicles, its market share is still limited. On the other hand, European countries have led the way in proposing timetables for banning the sale of fossil fuel vehicles due to energy and environmental concerns. China is also working on a timetable to stop the production and sale of fuel-powered cars. From the perspective of domestic new energy vehicle market development status and international energy environment situation, it is urgent and necessary to increase China’s new energy vehicle market share.
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    Forecasting Domestic Waste Clearing and Transporting Volume by Employing A New Grey Parameter Combination Optimization Model
    LI Hui, ZENG Bo, ZHOU Wen-hao
    2022, 30 (4):  96-107.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0657
    Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (1501KB) ( 370 )   Save
    Accurate prediction of domestic waste clearing and transporting volume is an important basis for environmental protection departments to formulate policies and measures for the disposal of domestic garbage. Firstly, the combination optimization of the independent variable driving term, the accumulation order and the background value coefficient is carried out on the basis of the multi-variable grey forecasting model with new structure, and a novel multi-variable grey system model suitable for prediction of domestic waste clearing and transporting volume is derived and constructed. Secondly, domestic waste clearing and transporting volume in Jiangsu Province is modelled by this new model, the results show that its comprehensive error is only 0.996%, and the accuracy of the model is superior to other multi-variable grey forecasting models (1.933%, 4.894%). Finally, this model is applied to predict domestic waste clearing and transporting volume in Jiangsu Province, the results show that its clearing and transporting volume will maintain an average annual growth rate of about 7% in the next 10 years and reach 32.2159 million tons in 2028. Therefore, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. A reference basis is provided for environmental protection departments to formulate relevant policies and measures, and an effective modeling method is also provided for the prediction of domestic waste clearing and transporting volume.
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    The Impact of Strategic Consumer Behavior on Joint Decisions of Retailers’ Ordering and Consumer Loyalty Programs
    GU Wei, ZHAO Xiao-hui, JIN Jia-hua, SONG Ya-nan, YAN Xiang-bin
    2022, 30 (4):  108-118.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1903
    Abstract ( 408 )   PDF (2067KB) ( 445 )   Save
    The customer loyalty program is one of the retailer’s most important marketing tools. As an essential element of loyalty programs (LPs), the reward amount invested by the retailer is often linked to retailer’s profit and customer behavior. Considering the two-period selling system,joint decisions of retailers’ ordering and customer loyalty programs are studied in this paper. Based on the hypothesis of a perfectly rational person, strategic consumer models are constructed with two different points reward programs, that is, points reward program in the full price period and points reward program in the discount period. Based on the conclusions of the impact of different points reward programs on the group behavior of strategic consumers, the impact of retailers’ ordering decisions and different consumer loyalty programs on profits are analysed. It is found that: (1) the points reward program has an impact on the behavior of strategic consumers, thereby affecting the retailer’s joint decision-making and its optimal benefits; (2) the retailer’s joint decision-making of inventory ordering and customer loyalty program can increase its optimal benefits; (3) for products with low unit cost, the point reward program for the full price products has a greater increase in the optimal profit; (4) when the difference between product value and unit price of the product is small, there is a more increased optimal profit of the point reward program. Specifically, the point reward program for the full price products brings in more increased optimal profit when the unit cost of products is lower than the discount price; in contrast, the point reward program for the full and discount prices products brings in more increased optimal profit when the unit cost of products are higher than the discount price.
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    Reference-Dependent Consumer Choices and the Modeling Methods: A Review and Future Directions
    WANG Ping, ZHANG Li-jun, SUN Lu-ping
    2022, 30 (4):  119-131.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0152
    Abstract ( 494 )   PDF (1560KB) ( 361 )   Save
    Reference dependent consumer preference has been the focus of marketing and behavioral decision researchers for a long while. It has become an active research area ever since the groundbreaking theory, Prospect Theory, was introduced by Kahneman and Tversky in 1979. Over the last four decades, researchers have explored various ways of conceptualizing reference points and capturing reference dependent consumer preference using quantitative marketing models. No extant research, however, systematically analyzes the classification of reference points and integrates related modeling methods. To fill in this research gap, the literature on reference points in consumer choice models is reviewed, what has been done is summarized, and the important yet underexplored research issues are identified.
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    Construction Period-Cost Optimization of Program Based on Critical Chain Method under Multi-Resource Constraints
    FENG Jing-chun, DONG Ling-li
    2022, 30 (4):  132-143.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0712
    Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (2675KB) ( 207 )   Save
    In practice, large-scale projects are in the environment of multi-stakeholder, multi-resource demand, multi-stage, and multi-contract projects. Since the theory and method of single project management do not consider the impact of contracted project construction period compression on construction period and cost of subsequent contracted projects, the partial network generated by the logical relationship of the project, and program under limited resources, they cannot satisfy the demand of construction period-cost optimization of large-scale projects.It can be seen that considering the impact of the logical relationship between the contracted projects in the program on the compression cost is more in line with the engineering reality and of more practical significance. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the construction period-cost optimization of program under multi-resource constraints.
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    Contract Design for IT Outsourcing under Asymmetric Information
    HUANG He, HU Min-hui
    2022, 30 (4):  144-154.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.1068
    Abstract ( 305 )   PDF (1377KB) ( 238 )   Save
    The clients have increasingly outsourced their IT services from an IT vendor over the last two decades. The IT vendor is considered who has not only private information about its system development capability but also unobservable development effort to the client, and how the client designs the IT outsourcing contract according to a stylized model is investigated. By comparing the cases of symmetric and asymmetric information, our analysis shows that under asymmetric information case, the client can screen the IT vendors who have different system development capability according to the optimal contract menu. Meanwhile, the client has to pay information rent to the IT vendor who has high capability. On the other hand, the client can regulate the development effort of the high capable IT vendor by the optimal contract. In contrast, the low capable IT vendor exerts less development effort under asymmetric information case than that under symmetric information case, which is referred to as under-effort. The under-effort of low capable IT vendor decreases the social welfare and the client’s expected profit. The information rent obtained by the high capable IT vendor reduces the client’s expected profit as well. By increasing the testing time or selecting the high bug-detection rate of IT vendor, the client can decrease the information rent obtained by the high capable IT vendor and mitigate the under-effort of the low capable IT vendor, which reduces the profit loss of the client due to asymmetric information. Data from the IT outsourcing contract between British Columbia, Canada Ministry of Health and IBM are used to verify our results, which provides insights on how to reduce the profit loss for the client in real-world IT outsourcing.
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    Differential Strategies of Carbon Emission Reduction and Low-carbon Promotion of the Supply Chain under Cap-and-trade Policy
    WANG Yi-lei, XIA Xi-qiang, ZHANG Yan
    2022, 30 (4):  155-166.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.0165
    Abstract ( 428 )   PDF (1610KB) ( 382 )   Save
    With the rapid modernization and urbanization, environmental issues such as global warming caused by carbon emissions are attracted more attention by the international community. Due to its advantages on flexibility and implementation, cap-and-trade regulations are considered as an effective mechanism for supply chains to reduce carbon emissions.In order to analyze long-term impact of different cap-and-trade policies on low-carbon operations of enterprises in the supply chain, three differential game models between the manufacturer and the retailer in a supply chain are established, which are based on the consideration of influencing effects on market demands and dynamic features of the goodwill. In our model, both cap-and-trade regulations and the goodwill of the product are considered, and the goodwill of the product is affected by carbon emission reduction efforts of the manufacturer and low-carbon promotion efforts of the retailer. Compared with no cap-and-trade regulation, carbon emission reduction level of the product and low-carbon promotion level of the retailer can be improved by the implementation of the cap-and-trade policy based on enterprise’s historical carbon emission data. Furthermore, the goodwill of the product and retailer’s profits canalso be improved from the long-term perspective. Compared with cap-and-trade policy based on enterprise’s historical carbon emission data, carbon emission reduction level,the goodwill of the product and retailer’s profits can be further improved by the implementation of the cap-and-trade policy based on product’s carbon emission data, although low-carbon promotion level of the retaileris the same. Once certain conditions of government’s policies are met, the cap-and-trade policy driven by product’s carbon emission data is more beneficial for the manufacturer. Management insights for carbon emission reduction strategies of supply chain members are provided by our research.
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    Study on the Dynamic Operation and Marketing Strategies of O2O Supply Chain Considering Consumers’ Showrooming and Reference Quality Effect
    MA De-qing, HU Jin-song
    2022, 30 (4):  167-183.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.0649
    Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (3189KB) ( 277 )   Save
    Omni-channel retailing enriches consumers’ shopping choices. Consumers can find the best choice for their purchase by distinguishing the distinctive characteristics of each sales channel. But this has also caused consumers’ showrooming behavior- they conduct product experience in the brick and mortar store to determine the suitable product for their own, and then to buy the products online in e-commerce platform which has lower price. This kind of free-riding behavior of consumers often brings huge damage to the brick and mortar store and even the supply chain, which also triggers the research on the showrooming behavior and the discussion on the web-showrooming both in business community and academic circles.
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    Pricing Game of Dual-channel Supply Chains under the “Capacity for Direct-channel First” Policy
    JI Qing-kai, FANG Gang, ZHAO Da
    2022, 30 (4):  184-193.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0697
    Abstract ( 325 )   PDF (1753KB) ( 401 )   Save
    With the vigorous development of e-commerce, more and more manufacturers adopt dual- channel marketing to boost demand. However, many manufacturers may have insufficient production capacity due to shortage of fund, insufficient raw materials, equipment failure, complex process and other reasons. Under such circumstances, there is a need for capacity allocation between direct channels and retail channels. The most common allocation policy is that manufacturers give priority to their direct channel, which is called “capacity for direct-channel first” in this paper. Under this policy, the sales volume of both channels will be affected by the prices and capacity simultaneously. As a result, the pricing decisions and the performance of supply chain under this policy require an in-depth investigation. Motivated by this phenomenon, a pricing game model is built for dual-channel supply chains with limited capacity and the impact of “capacity for direct-channel first” policy is analyzed.
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    Research on Dual-channel Green Supply Chain Decision Making Considering the Government Subsidy and Fairness Concerns
    HAN Tong-yin, LIU Li, JIN Hao
    2022, 30 (4):  194-204.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.2364
    Abstract ( 440 )   PDF (1679KB) ( 491 )   Save
    Faced with the increasingly prominent ecological and environmental problems, all sectors of society actively promote the development of green supply chain. However, high R&D costs often lead to high sales prices of green products, which in turn hinder the expansion of the green product market. At the same time, in dual-channel green supply chain, channel competition and the decision-making behavior of supply chain members make pricing and green degree decision-making of green products more complex. Therefore, the dual-channel green supply chain composed of one manufacturer and one retailer is taken as the research object, and the retailer’s fairness concerns behavior is considered. A two-stage Stackelberg game model with one manufacturer and one retailer as the main body and a three-stage Stackelberg game model with the government, one manufacturer and one retailer as the main body is established and solved respectively in the two cases of government non-subsidy and government subsidy. Then the effects of the retailer’s fairness concerns on optimal pricing, green degree decision and profits of supply chain members are analyzed. The results show that: when the government does not subsidize, the retailer’s fairness concerns will reduce the wholesale price, sales price and greenness of the product, and reduce the manufacturer’s profit; The profit of the retailer increases and decreases with the increase of its fairness concerns, which is related to the green efficiency of the product. By contrast, when government subsidy is given, the product is greener and the manufacturer and the retailer are more profitable. The enhancement of the retailer’s fairness concerns can increase the profits of the manufacturer and the retailer, but it does not affect the selling price, greenness of the product and social welfare. Based on this, the government subsidy can not only increase the profit of the supply chain, but also coordinate the influence of retailer’s fairness concerns about product pricing and green degree decision-making, and further improve the efficiency of dual-channel green supply chain.
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    Pricing and Coordination Strategies of Closed-loop Supply Chain Considering CSR Behavior under Recycling Competition
    LIU Shan, YAO Feng-min, CHEN Dong-yan, , TENG Chun-xian
    2022, 30 (4):  205-217.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.0584
    Abstract ( 414 )   PDF (2134KB) ( 546 )   Save
    With the significant progress of system engineering design and the popularity of the concept of environmental protection, remanufacturing technology has been recognized as a major innovation in manufacturing and environmental protection. Industrial enterprises can recycle and reuse waste products through remanufacturing technology, which can effectively reduce pollution, save resources and also obtain extremely considerable economic benefits. So, closed-loop supply chain management (CLSCM) has attracted more and more attention of manufacturing enterprises, and has been incorporated into its important development strategy. Meanwhile, due to the influence of external factors such as government regulations, public concern and media reports, some enterprises will also show their contribution to the society and environment by performing corporate social responsibility(CSR),so as to establish a good corporate image and enhance market competitiveness. According to this, it is believed that it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the recovery and pricing decision of CLSC with CSR investment.
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    Research on Routing Problems about Road Information Collection Considering Mixed Mapping Method
    XU Bao-guang, CHANG Jia-xin, GAO Min-gang
    2022, 30 (4):  218-227.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.1020
    Abstract ( 340 )   PDF (1407KB) ( 700 )   Save
    Traffic Maps play an important role in daily life. The various kinds of travel planning navigation and driverless cars need high-precision and timely updated map to provide accurate positioning and path planning reference. The collection of road information is the most significant way for map companies to update maps ensuring the accuracy of road data. Due to the development of the city and the rapid change of road information, there is an urgent need to update the maps frequently. In order to program the paths of road information collection efficiently and scientifically so as to save the collection cost and improve the collection efficiency, considering the requirement of road information field collection, collection methods of mixed mapping and road network characteristics, a mixed integer programming model with the objective function of minimizing the total acquisition costs is established for the path planning of road information collection. Then, a staged transformation algorithm is proposed and used to gradually transform it into the Time Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (TCARP).TCARP is an NP-hard problem that the exact algorithm can not get the optimal solution in a reasonable time, so in this paper two fast heuristic algorithms, TPS and TSH, are designed for TCARP problem, and the randomized implementation of the two algorithms, R-TPS and R-TUH is proposed. Based on the GRASP framework, the GRASP-PA algorithm is constructed combining with these two algorithms as the initial solution. Unlike the traditional local search operator, a time-saving search process, Partion-Adjust (PA), is constructed to make it more suitable for the large-scale TCARP problem. Then, the benchmark instances and large-scale road information collection examples in City provided by a map supplier are used to prove the effectiveness of constructive heuristic algorithms and GRASP-PA algorithm mentioned above. On all the benchmark instances, TPS and TUH algorithms can give a definite solution with good quality in less than 0.01s on average, which demonstrates the validity of the two constructive heuristic algorithms in application scenarios requiring real-time routing decisions. On the large-scale road information collection instances on mixed network, collection methods of mixed mapping are completed, verifying the effectiveness of our phased solution algorithm. The results show that for large-scale collection examples, the GRASP-PA algorithm performs a good trade-off performance between computing time and solution quality compared with previous randomization methods and local search operators. The models and algorithms constructed in this paper can provide methodological support for more application scenarios of arc path optimization similar to road information acquisition.
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    Optimization of Simultaneous Placing-in and Taking-out Wagons with Multiple Engines on Branch-shaped Siding
    LI Bing, DANG Jia-jun, XUAN Hua
    2022, 30 (4):  228-239.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0058
    Abstract ( 245 )   PDF (2145KB) ( 207 )   Save
    Aiming at the local freight trains transship system for the local freight flow in railway terminal, the simultaneous placing-in and taking-out wagons with multiple engines on branch-shaped sidings is presented. The problem is formulated as a bi-objective programming model. The first term in objective function focuses on balancing the workload of each engine. The second term in objective function aims at minimizing shunting cost which including the running cost of engines and idling cost of wagons. Some constraints indicating the time interval of placing-in and taking-out wagons and traction number of engine are considered into the model. And then a hybrid procedure combining comprehensive correlation indicator and asynchronous iteration heuristic for solving the model is given and is abbreviated as HP-CCI&AIH. HP-CCI&AIH includes two stages: clustering approach with comprehensive correlation indicator for shunting engine allocation, and asynchronous iteration procedure for placing-in and taking-out routing. In first stage, engine allocation strategy based on comprehensive correlation indicator is proposed. According to the idea of clustering division, the comprehensive correlation indicator abbreviated as CCI is proposed to determine the optimum number of engines, divide the work area and assign the tasks to each engine. In second stage, shunting strategy based on asynchronous iteration heuristic is provided. On the basis of the technique of finding the optimal solution using iterative procedure, an asynchronous iteration heuristic is provided and is abbreviated as AIH. Here the cycle body and updating procedure of solution are designed. Further the crossover and mutation procedure of genetic algorithm is introduced to optimize the cycle body. And then the artificial fish swarm behavior is also introduced to achieve the secondary optimization procedure. Finally, the experimental scenarios are designed to test the proposed algorithm, and the proposed algorithm is compared with some other algorithms by some different sized cases. The results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and superior.
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    A Study on Routing and Scheduling of Automated Guided Vehicle in “Cargo-to-Picker” System
    LI Kun-peng, LIU Teng-bo, HE Bing-qian, XU Dong-yang
    2022, 30 (4):  240-251.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.1408
    Abstract ( 500 )   PDF (3488KB) ( 413 )   Save
    With the rapid development of E-commerce and artificial intelligence technology, the scheduling optimization problem is studied for AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)in the intelligent warehouse which uses“cargo-to-picker” picking system. This problem simultaneously considers two sub-problems: the AGV route generating and routes collision avoidance between multiple AGVs. To solve the problem, a two-phase optimization approach is present. First, two methods are developed, i.e., a mathematical model and a rack-priority-based method to allocate the rack-moving tasks to AGVs. Based on the task allocation results, the path generation algorithm is developed to get the AGV initial feasible path. Then, a collision avoidance algorithm is designed to obtain collision-free AGV routes considering possible collision path points. It is further considered unexpected disruptions occur, such as equipment breakdown. Therefore, a real-time rescheduling method is developed to obtain AGV collision-free path in the warehouse. The performance of the two-stage optimization algorithm exploring the two rack allocation methods are evaluated by computational experiments. The results show that this algorithm can help to obtain an optimized AGV schedule in a warehouse with 2015 shelves, 10 operating platforms, 100 AGVs and 100 orders in a batch. The algorithm also can give suggestions of optimal configuration of AGV quantity to give a sized warehouse. The study not only can provide a theoretical model and algorithm for scheduling operation of multiple AGVs, but also can provide practical guidance for enterprises exploring the “cargo-to-picker” picking system.
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    Research on Return Modes and Pricing for Omnichannel Retailers
    LIU Jian, ZHANG Xun, CHEN Jie, LIU Si-feng
    2022, 30 (4):  252-263.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.0139
    Abstract ( 492 )   PDF (1607KB) ( 332 )   Save
    The pricing of omnichannel retailers in different channels is taken as the background, and how to maximize the retailer’s profit is taken as the goal, and the impact of the loss caused by customer return on retailer’s pricing and profit is analyzed from three different return modes. First, the traditional return mode (that is, when consumers purchase products online, they can only return to the online channel; when consumers purchase products offline, they can only return to the offline channel) is studied. Then all customers return through the online channel (that is, whether consumers from online or offline channels, they can only return to the online channel in the event of return) is analyzed. Furthermore, it is investigated that all customers return goods through offline channels (that is, no matter whether consumers purchase products through online channels or offline channels, they can only return products to offline channels, where offline channels refer to physical stores). It is assumed that when online channel customers purchase products because they can’t touch the goods, they can’t get the full value of the goods just like when they shop in the store, and the consumers will browse the goods in the store when they return the goods, thus generating extra benefits for the retailers. Based on this assumption, the customer utility function is constructed to achieve retailers’ optimal profit and pricing under various return modes. Through the comparison of the optimal profit, it is concluded: under the three return modes, when the sum of the online unit product net return loss of the retailer and the customer is less than the sum of the offline unit product net return loss, if the omnichannel retailer wants to obtain the maximum profit, it should choose the return mode that allows the customer to return all the products to the online channel; When the sum of the net return loss of the online unit product between the retailer and the customer is greater than the sum of the net return loss of the offline unit product, the omnichannel retailer should choose the return mode that allows the customer to return all the products to the offline to obtain the maximum profit; the traditional return mode will not allow the retailer to obtain the maximum profit. Based on the consideration of customer return loss in omnichannel retailing, how to set the most reasonable return mode and the best pricing in different channels are examined.
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    Identification of Usefulness for Online Reviews Based on Knowledge Adoption Model and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network
    ZHANG Jing, ZHOU Yi-xin, HU Han, BIAN Yi-wen
    2022, 30 (4):  264-274.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.2215
    Abstract ( 385 )   PDF (3156KB) ( 459 )   Save
    With the rapid development of the mobile Internet, social media platforms and electronic commerce, a large amount of online reviews with user comments have been generated and show great business value. The recognition of usefulness of user comments provides an important guarantee for mining valuable information in comments. To this end, a classification algorithm is proposed based on the Knowledge Adoption Model (KAM) theory and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks to identify the usefulness of online reviews in social media platforms. According to the knowledge adoption model theory, the algorithm extracts the featuresfor identifying usefulness of comments from two aspects: review quality and review source credibility.Specifically, to represent the review quality by constructing featuresusing the proportion of domain words and the proportion of stop words via a dictionary containing prior domain knowledge, which effectively alleviates the problem of domain knowledge barriers in cross-domain reviews; to represent the review source credibility by constructing the features based on the number of fans of the author and the number of likes the author has already received so far. In order to verify the recognition effect of the method proposed, traditional Chinese medicine related comments are crawled from Zhihu.com as the experimental data set. The experimental results show that the feature construction method, which integrates domain knowledge into text feature representation by calculating the proportion of domain words, can effectively alleviates the problems of knowledge barriers in specific fields; and the proposed method provides important information of review quality for the identification of the usefulness of online reviews, and thus has improved the identifying effect of usefulness of online comments and increasedthe interpretability to some extent.
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    Modeling and Optimizing Method for Rebalancing the Dock-less Bicycles based on Order Data Analysis
    LIU Ming, XU Xi-fen, NING Jing, CAO Jie
    2022, 30 (4):  275-286.  doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.1026
    Abstract ( 514 )   PDF (3883KB) ( 379 )   Save
    The dockless sharing bicycle system breaks the limitation of traditional public sharing bicycle system because the latter relies on the fixed stations to provide travel service. Therefore, it greatly improves the user's riding experience. However, how to rebalance the dockless bicycles, which are randomly distributed on the whole area, has become a big problem faced by decision makers. The data-driven operation research method provides the possibility to solve the above problem. In this study, the large-scale order dataset of the dockless sharing bicycles is analyzed to explore the travel rules of the users. Then the collection points and the release points are defined. A newsboy model is referenced to construct the innovative revenue function when releasing dockless bicycles at the release points. After that, an optimization model for rebalancing the dockless sharing bicycles by considering both pick-up and delivery aspects is proposed. The test results demonstrate that the proposed method can provide effective decision-making suggestions for rebalancing the dockless sharing bicycles from the perspectives of the maximum loading capacity, the unit distance cost, the driving distance limitation, the number of collection points and the number of bicycles in the corresponding collection points.
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