Abstract: Taking National Key Laboratory as an example,this paper investigates the openness of research organizations and its impact on scientific innovation and technological innovation,and develops two negative binomial models.Based on data of 204National Key Laboratories in China during the period 20062009,the empirical results indicate that the openness has significant effect on scientific innovation performance,and both the linkages with enterprises and the proportion of non-permanent researchers have a Ushape relationship with scientific publication performance,while the international cooperation has an inverted U-shape with scientific publication performances.The openness measured by international cooperation and proportion of non-permanent researchers has significant effect on technological innovation performance,and international cooperation has an inverted U-shape with patent performances,while the proportion of non-permanent researchers has a negative relationship with patent performance.

Key words: openness, scientific innovation, technological innovation, national key laboratory