Abstract:

Given the context of carbon peak and neutrality targets， the low-carbon power system can be achieved from two aspects： low-carbon policy and low-carbon technology. In this regard， these two methods are considered and the impact of carbon emission reduction technology， carbon tax mechanism， and demand response mechanism on the low-carbon dispatch of virtual power plants （VPP） is explored. On this basis， the impact of various risk attitudes of virtual power plant operators （VPPO） on scheduling decisions under the uncertainty of renewable energy is considered. Firstly， in order to maximize VPPO profits， a demand response model is built that considers various user attributes as well as a deterministic low-carbon dispatching model. Secondly， considering the uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power， the information gap decision theory （IGDT） is used to describe the uncertain variables， and the robust model and opportunity model are constructed to explore the scheduling scheme under different risk attitudes of VPPO， so as to provide guidance for the dynamic operation of the system. Finally， the Monte Carlo simulation method is used to generate the initial wind output， photovoltaic output and user load data， and the Gurobi optimization software is used for simulation. The results show that the low carbon， economy and stability of the system can be obtained in the proposed model， and the establishment of a reasonable carbon tax price is conducive to protecting the economic benefits of the VPPO while improving the social and environmental benefits. Only by adopting a scientific attitude to determine the attitude of the VPPO towards the uncertainty of the scenery can the advantages of the robust model and the opportunity model be fully utilized.

Key words: information gap decision theory, low-carbon technology, demand response, Gurobi, virtual power plants