关键词: 空间集聚, 要素萃取, “资源诅咒”, 传导机制, B-K中介效应

Abstract: The relationship between resource abundance and economic growth is important to researchers and policy makers as it plays a great role in national and regional economic development and the improvement of residents' welfare level. The resource curse is an economic hypothesis for the relationship between resource abundance and economic growth which shows that the relationship is not as simple as imagined.Therefore, the measurement and transmission analysis for the resource curse is particularly important.
In recent years, the test of resource curse's existence and endogeneity problem for intermediary variant have been solved. However, the scientificity of index selection and the simplicity of intermediary model do not have a lasting settlement. Aimed at the scientific problem of natural resources index selection in resource curse study, the spatial agglomeration of resource industry is used instead of the abundance of natural resources and the dependence of resource industry as explanatory variable for the natural resource abundance in this paper. Meanwhile, the mediating effect model of resource curse is proposed based on B-K mediation analysis.
Through above analysis, the calculation formula is constructed suitable for measuring the spatial agglomeration of resource industry by the gini coefficient of Krugman. Based on the panel data of 10 typical oil and gas resource cities during 1998-2013, the spatial agglomeration degree of resource industry is analyzed.From the results of data analysis, only Nanyang City is no longer rich in oil and gas resources due tourban development transformation, which fits with the facts. A static panel regression model based on OLS as well as a dynamic panel regression model based on DIF-GMM are established for empirical testing and analysis, in order to extract the transmission elements. Through the measurement, it shows the significant mediator variables which are used as the independent variables in the mediator effect model. Then intermediary model of resource curse is constructed as to further clarify the specific relationship between the variables index and transmission elements of resource curse with reference to the analysis method of B-K mediator effect. Based on above analysis, the transmission mechanism of resource curse of oil and gas resource cities are explored and the model of resource curse transmission mechanism is drawn.
The results show that in the whole estimation model, the coefficient signs of spatial agglomeration of resource industrial are significantly negative correlated at the level of 0.05. It indicates that the regional economic growth is inversely related to the spatial agglomeration of resource industry, which is in accordance with the basic assumption of resource curse. In the step estimation model, the regional economic growth is positively correlated with the increase of household savings, human capital investment, and the development of manufacturing industry, which accords with logical relation of classical economic growth theory; the material capital investment and regional economic growth is negatively related which is due to the fact that the local economic subject has less intertemporal substitution elasticity of consumption. The direct gain of economic growth from physical capital investment is less than the negative effect that of human capital accumulation, and thus hinders the regional economic growth. The higher degree of government intervention, the lower economic growth. In addition to the relationship between government intervention and economic growth, the rest of the relationships are confirmed in the mediator effect model.This shows that government intervention itself impedes some aspect of economic growth. According to the results, it is suggested that we need to strengthen the economic guiding mechanism which mainly relies on the market regulation while government regulation subsidiary to further enhance the spatial agglomeration degree of resource industry, improve the staff quality matched to the technology development and raise the efficiency of production and utilization of natural resources gradually, so as to accelerate the transformation of the regional economy and to promote the sustainable development of economy.
Different from most other literatures, the spatial agglomeration of resource industry is used in this paper as the index of abundance of resource industry which enriches the empirical study on the econometric modelling. It is alsoa valuable endeavor to excavate the relationship of resource abundance and economic growth by the effect of mediating variables.

Key words: spatial agglomeration, elements extraction, resource curse, transmission mechanism, B-K mediator effect