中国管理科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 225-234.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.0901
收稿日期:
2022-04-27
修回日期:
2022-06-29
出版日期:
2024-12-25
发布日期:
2025-01-02
通讯作者:
祁明亮
E-mail:mlqi@casisd.cn
基金资助:
Wenhui Qi1,2, Mingliang Qi1,2()
Received:
2022-04-27
Revised:
2022-06-29
Online:
2024-12-25
Published:
2025-01-02
Contact:
Mingliang Qi
E-mail:mlqi@casisd.cn
摘要:
核应急撤离情境下,居民是否愿意配合政府应急撤离是制约撤离效果的重要因素。本文结合计划行为理论与传播效果理论,对影响居民配合意愿的因素及其作用机制进行分析,构建了居民配合意愿影响机制理论模型;采用实地调研方式获取山东海阳核电厂周边居民的数据,运用结构方程模型对理论模型进行实证检验。结果表明:有三条路径可以正向影响居民配合意愿,分别是“公众沟通-熟悉度-风险感知-居民配合态度-居民配合意愿”“公众沟通-信任度-收益感知-居民配合态度-居民配合意愿”“主观规范-居民配合意愿”。其中,公众沟通、信任度、居民配合态度、主观规范是影响居民配合意愿的重要因素。此外,感知行为控制对居民配合意愿没有显著作用。研究结论为完善核事故应急管理与核电公众沟通方案提供了理论依据。
中图分类号:
亓文辉, 祁明亮. 核应急撤离情境下居民配合意愿影响机制研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2024, 32(12): 225-234.
Wenhui Qi, Mingliang Qi. Research on the Effect Path to Resident Cooperation Intention under Nuclear Emergency Evacuation Scenarios:A Case of Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2024, 32(12): 225-234.
表1
问题设计"
潜变量 | 题项 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|
公众沟通 | PC1:您积极通过电视节目、广播频道、互联网等渠道了解核事故及应对措施的相关信息 PC2:您积极阅读《核电科普读本》、“核安全明白纸”等宣传材料,了解核事故及应对措施的相关信息 PC3:您积极参与“电站开放日”“山东核电科技馆参观”等参观活动,了解核事故及应对措施的相关信息 PC4:您积极参与“公众代表座谈会”“核安全日”科普宣传等活动,了解核事故及应对措施的相关信息 | [ |
熟悉度 | KN1:您知道全球已经发生过的核事故的相关信息(如:切尔诺贝利、三哩岛、福岛核事故) KN2:您知道核电厂有多大可能发生核事故 KN3:你知道核事故对人体的危害 KN4:您知道核事故对环境的危害 KN5:发生核事故后,您知道您应该采取哪些应对措施 | [ |
信任度 | TR1:政府部门会竭尽全力帮助居民撤离 TR2:政府部门会平等对待每一位撤离居民 TR3:政府部门有能力帮助所有居民安全撤离 | [ |
风险感知 | RP1:核事故会对居民的健康造成严重危害 RP2:核事故会对居民后代的健康造成严重危害 RP3:核事故会对环境造成严重危害 RP4:核事故对环境的危害会持续很长时间 | [ |
收益感知 | BP1:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离,可以保证您撤离时遭受的辐射量最少 BP2:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离,可以保证您撤离到安全区域所用的时间最短 BP3:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离,可以保证您撤离后能够得到足够的物资保障(如:洗消资源、医疗资源、食物、水、居住地等) | 自行开发 |
居民配合态度 | AT1:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离是一个更好的选择 AT2:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离是一个更明智的选择 AT3:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离是一个更必要的选择 AT4:与自行撤离相比,听从政府有关部门的安排进行撤离是一个更差的选择 | [ |
感知行为控制 | BC1:根据政府有关部门制订的应急撤离方案,您知道您应该乘坐什么车辆撤离 BC2:根据政府有关部门制订的应急撤离方案,您知道您应该按照什么路线撤离 BC3:根据政府有关部门制订的应急撤离方案,您知道您应该撤离到哪个终点 | [ |
主观规范 | MN1:您的家人会希望您听从政府有关部门的命令进行撤离 MN2:您的朋友会希望您听从政府有关部门的命令进行撤离 MN3:其他对您有重要影响的人(如:同事、邻居等)会希望您听从政府有关部门的命令进行撤离 | [ |
居民配合意愿 | WI1:您愿意乘坐政府安排的车辆进行撤离 WI2:您愿意完全按照政府安排的路线撤离 WI3:您愿意撤离到政府安排的撤离终点 | 自行开发 |
表2
样本的社会经济属性分布情况"
社会经济属性 | 统计量 | 占比(%) | |
---|---|---|---|
性别 | 男 | 157 | 48.76 |
女 | 165 | 51.24 | |
年龄 | 17岁及以下 | 15 | 4.66 |
18~24岁 | 44 | 13.67 | |
25~30岁 | 47 | 14.60 | |
31~40岁 | 57 | 17.70 | |
41~50岁 | 61 | 18.94 | |
51~60岁 | 60 | 18.63 | |
61岁及以上 | 38 | 11.80 | |
学历 | 初中及以下 | 125 | 38.82 |
高中/中专/技校 | 118 | 36.65 | |
大学专科 | 56 | 17.39 | |
大学本科 | 23 | 7.14 | |
硕士研究生及以上 | 0 | 0.00 | |
私家车 | 有 | 146 | 45.34 |
无 | 176 | 54.66 | |
党员 | 是 | 24 | 7.45 |
否 | 298 | 92.55 | |
一起居住的家庭成员数 | 0人 | 0 | 0.00 |
1人 | 3 | 0.93 | |
2人 | 66 | 20.50 | |
3人 | 126 | 39.13 | |
4人及以上 | 127 | 39.44 |
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