考虑分布式光伏发电的电动汽车充电策略研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.2127

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 促进可再生能源发展是实现能源结构优化、减缓气候变化的重要措施，而具有波动性出力特征的可再生能源大量增长会对电网平稳运行带来挑战；同时，随着电动汽车快速发展，大量电动汽车接入电网，也具有危害电网安全运行的风险。因此，如何统筹考虑可再生能源出力特征和电动汽车充电特征，设计相关政策机制实现电动汽车发展和光伏发电发展的有机结合是本文拟研究解决的主要问题。基于蒙特卡洛模拟方法和私家车、出租车、公交车出行特征数据，通过集中控制与电价策略两种控制手段研究了如何优化电动汽车充电行为、平滑电网负荷；并进一步分析了电动汽车充电负荷如何与分布式光伏出力相协同。研究结果显示：合理价差的分时电价策略对调控电动汽车充电行为、促进分布式光伏发电消纳具有重要作用；但过高价差的分时电价策略，则会对充电进行“过度优化”，不利于分布式光伏发电的消纳。此外，基于智能电网的智能充电技术集中控制手段，可以有效促进电网的削峰填谷，并且对分布式光伏发电的促进作用要优于分时电价的实施效果。

关键词: 电动汽车；分布式光伏；协同优化；分时电价；集中控制

Abstract: Promoting the development of renewable energy is an important way to mitigate climate change. However, the output of renewable energy is fluctuating. When renewable energy grows in a large amount, it will bring challenges to the operation of the power grid. At the same time, with the rapid development of electric vehicles, it will also bring risks when a large number of electric vehicles are connected to the grid. Therefore, the charging strategy can be used to schedule the charging behavior of electric vehicles to promote the consumption of renewable energy. How to optimize the charging behavior of electric vehicles, smooth the grid load and promote the consumption of distributed photovoltaics is studied. The Monte Carlo simulation method and the travel characteristic data of private cars, taxis and buses are used in this research to analyze the electric vehicle charging strategy in Beijing.

Key words: electric vehicle; distributed photovoltaic; collaborative optimization; electricity price strategy; centralized control strategy

中图分类号:

F206

陈浩然, 赵晓丽. 考虑分布式光伏发电的电动汽车充电策略研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2023, 31(4): 161-170.

CHEN Hao-ran, ZHAO Xiao-li. Research on Electric Vehicle Charging Optimization Considering Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2023, 31(4): 161-170.

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