Abstract: In the context of "dual carbon", the remanufacturing of waste products has attracted much attention from the government because it helps reduce carbon emissions in the production process and alleviate environmental pollution. This study considers the impact of consumer demand (recognition of remanufactured products, low-carbon preferences) on blockchain introduction strategies under carbon tax policies. Based on the authorized remanufacturing model, four blockchain introduction models (NN, NB, BN, BB) were constructed. Relevant conclusions were drawn through model solving and case simulation: (1) In terms of promoting carbon reduction, the introduction of blockchain technology by remanufacturers alone (NB model) has the best effect, and the total carbon reduction is negatively correlated with the manufacturer's emission reduction rate; (2) When both carbon tax and carbon tax reduction rates are high, manufacturers tend to choose the NB mode, and remanufacturers always have the highest profits in the NB mode. In addition, simultaneously increasing the carbon tax and reduction ratio can incentivize manufacturers and remanufacturers to choose the NB model; (3) When consumers have lower acceptance and low-carbon preferences for remanufactured products, manufacturers are more inclined to choose the BN mode. With the continuous improvement of both, manufacturers gradually tend to choose the NB mode. For remanufacturers, the NB mode has the highest returns. In addition, the higher the consumer's recognition of remanufactured products, the greater the positive impact of their low-carbon preference on the profits of manufacturers and remanufacturers.

Key words: carbon tax, Blockchain, Remanufacturing, Low carbon preference, Recognition of remanufactured products