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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 337-348.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2025.0427cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2025.0427

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闭环供应链的区块链实施主体选择研究

王玉燕1,2(), 高俊宏1, 员巧云2   

  1. 1.山东财经大学管理科学与工程学院,山东 济南 250014
    2.华南师范大学国际商学院,广东 佛山 528225
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 修回日期:2025-05-20 出版日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2025-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 王玉燕 E-mail:wangyuyan1224@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72371144);山东省泰山学者工程专项项目(tsqn202211197);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2025MS1131)

Study on the Strategic Selection of Blockchain Implementation Entities in Closed-loop Supply Chain

Yuyan Wang1,2(), Junhong Gao1, Qiaoyun Yun2   

  1. 1.School of Management Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China
    2.International Business College,South China Normal University,Foshan 528225,China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Revised:2025-05-20 Online:2025-12-25 Published:2025-12-25
  • Contact: Yuyan Wang E-mail:wangyuyan1224@126.com

摘要:

本研究在引入回收数量折扣因子的基础上,考虑消费者对区块链支持下再制造产品溯源的偏好,构建了一个由制造商和零售商构成的闭环供应链(CLSC)系统。本文系统分析了四种区块链实施模式:无区块链技术、仅制造商实施、仅零售商实施以及全链条实施。基于Stackelberg博弈模型,探讨了各模式下的最优定价策略、区块链溯源水平、回收率、市场需求、供应链成员利润以及社会福利的影响机制。研究发现:(1)相较于全链条实施模式,仅由零售商单独实施区块链技术时,溯源水平、回收率、市场需求和社会福利反而更高。这是因为零售商直接面向消费者,能够更有效释放区块链带来的信任溢价,同时避免制造商因成本过高而降低溯源投入,最终实现更优绩效。(2)当区块链成本效率较低时,全链条实施模式由于成本压力大,导致产品定价最高,可能削弱企业价格竞争力;而当成本效率较高时,零售商实施模式的定价更高,表明其可更好转化溯源优势为利润。(3)在制造商承担的区块链实施成本分摊比例处于适中水平时,零售商单独实施区块链技术成为CLSC的唯一均衡策略,从而实现制造商与零售商的“双赢”。

关键词: 闭环供应链, 区块链, 溯源偏好, 回收折扣

Abstract:

A recycling quantity discount factor is introduced and consumer preference is incorporated for blockchain-enabled traceability of remanufactured products. It constructs a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) system comprising a manufacturer and a retailer. Four blockchain implementation modes are systematically analyzed: 1) no blockchain, 2) manufacturer-only implementation, 3) retailer-only implementation, and 4) full-chain implementation. Utilizing a Stackelberg game framework, the impact of each mode on optimal pricing, blockchain traceability levels, recycling rates, market demand, supply chain member profits, and social welfare is investigated. Key findings indicate: (1) Contrary to the full-chain mode, retailer-only implementation yields higher traceability levels, recycling rates, market demand, and social welfare. This stems from retailers' direct consumer access, enabling more effective capture of blockchain's trust premium while avoiding manufacturer underinvestment due to high costs; (2) Under low blockchain cost efficiency, full-chain implementation induces the highest product pricing due to cost pressures, potentially eroding price competitiveness. Under high cost efficiency, retailer-only implementation commands higher prices, demonstrating superior ability to monetize traceability advantages; (3) At intermediate manufacturer cost-sharing ratios, retailer-only blockchain implementation emerges as the unique Pareto-optimal equilibrium for the CLSC, achieving a manufacturer-retailer win-win outcome.

Key words: closed-loop supply chain, blockchain, traceability preference, recycling discount

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