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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 244-259.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2025.0224

• • 上一篇    

退货运费险模式下保险商定价及零售商赠送策略研究

徐扬1, 董晨1, 田序2(), 毕功兵3   

  1. 1.安徽财经大学金融学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030
    2.南昌大学公共政策与管理学院,江西 南昌 330031
    3.中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-08-12 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 田序 E-mail:tianxu@ncu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72201001);国家自然科学基金项目(72171214);国家自然科学基金项目(72501129);安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题(2023CX035)

Insurer Pricing and Retailer Complimentary Strategy under the Return Freight Insurance Model

Yang Xu1, Chen Dong1, Xu Tian2(), Gongbing Bi3   

  1. 1.School of Finance,Anhui University of Finance and Economics,Bengbu 233030,China
    2.School of Public Policy and Administration,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China
    3.School of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-08-12 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-10-09
  • Contact: Xu Tian E-mail:tianxu@ncu.edu.cn

摘要:

实践数据表明,退货运费险模式在电子商务领域取得了巨大成功,并引起学术界广泛关注。然而,鲜有文献讨论该模式下多参与方决策交互行为和退货运费险的风险转移功能。为了进一步厘清退货运费险模式的运作机理,本文构建了一个由保险商、网络零售商、风险厌恶的消费者组成的斯塔克尔柏格博弈模型,探讨保险商的最优保险定价和零售商的免费退货运费险赠送策略。通过逆向归纳法求解均衡,发现最优运费险价格与退货运费呈单调递增关系,但其与产品匹配率、产品成本及消费者风险厌恶水平的关系则取决于具体情境;零售商赠送免费退货运费险当且仅当运费险价格低于特定阈值。此外,研究表明,退货运费险模式在退货运费较低时,同时提高了零售商利润与消费者福利。但在退货运费较高时,零售商赠送免费退货运费险的成本较大,并通过设置昂贵的产品价格将成本转移给消费者,从而使得零售商和消费者都蒙受损失。上述结论在充分的算例分析与模型扩展中进一步得到验证。研究有助于学者重新审视运费险的真实作用,并为退货运费险的引入确立了边界条件,也为电商平台运营提供决策建议。

关键词: 电子商务, 退货运费险, 定价策略, 赠送策略

Abstract:

Practical data shows that the return freight insurance model has achieved great success in the field of e-commerce and has attracted widespread attention in the academic community, but few studies have examined the multi-agent decision-making interactions and the risk transfer function within this model. In order to further clarify the operation mechanism of the return freight insurance model, a Stackelberg game model involving an insurer, an online retailer, and risk-averse consumers is developed, analyzing the insurer's optimal pricing and the retailer's strategy of offering free return freight insurance. By solving the equilibrium via backward induction, it is found that the optimal insurance price increases monotonically with return freight costs, while its relationship with product matching rate, product cost, and consumer risk aversion depends on specific contexts. The retailer offers free insurance only when the price falls below a certain threshold. Furthermore, it is shown that when return costs are low, this model improves both retailer profit and consumer welfare. However, when return freight costs are high, the cost of providing free insurance becomes substantial for the retailer, who transfers this cost to consumers by setting higher product prices, ultimately harming both the retailer and the consumers. These conclusions are validated through extensive numerical analysis and model extensions, helping to reassess the true role of return freight insurance, establish boundary conditions for its implementation, and provide decision-making insights for e-commerce platform operations.

Key words: e-commerce, return freight insurance, pricing strategy, complimentary strategy

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