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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 204-212.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.0596

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道路稳定系数不确定条件下的应急疏散规划

代文强(), 章潇月, 陈琳   

  1. 电子科技大学经济与管理学院,四川 成都 6117311
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-25 修回日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 代文强 E-mail:wqdai@uestc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(71871045)

Emergency Evacuation Route Planning under Uncertain Road Stability Coefficient

Wenqiang Dai(), Xiaoyue Zhang, Lin Chen   

  1. School of Management and Economics,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China
  • Received:2022-03-25 Revised:2022-06-30 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Wenqiang Dai E-mail:wqdai@uestc.edu.cn

摘要:

道路容量在应急疏散规划中起着关键作用,在灾害发生前,制订疏散方案时难以准确预知灾后的精确道路容量。基于现实中灾害对道路容量的不同影响程度,考虑道路稳定系数导致的容量不确定条件下的应急疏散规划模型,以得到疏散路径的选择以及相应的随时间的流量安排。为避免对道路容量的精确值或精确概率分布假设依赖过强的弊端,假设仅已知道路稳定系数的均值和支撑集上下界的部分分布信息,构建以已知信息为特征的分布不确定集,利用分布鲁棒优化方法,寻求最坏情形下的可靠疏散路径规划;基于交通流的网络拥塞最小化原则,建立了以最小拥塞概率为目标的机会约束模型,进一步确保路径规划方案的可靠性。给出了求解方法,进行了仿真分析,验证了方法的有效性和疏散路径方案的可靠性。

关键词: 应急疏散, 路径规划, 稳定系数, 分布鲁棒优化

Abstract:

Road capacity plays a key role in emergency evacuation planning, and it is difficult to accurately predict the road capacity when we formulate an evacuation plan before a disaster occurs. Based on the different degrees of impact of disasters on road capacity in reality, the emergency evacuation planning model with capacity uncertainty caused by the road stability coefficient is considered, to obtain the choice of evacuation route and the corresponding flow arrangement over time. In order to avoid the disadvantages of overly strong assumptions about the exact value or accurate probability distribution of road capacity, it is assumed that only the mean and the partial distribution information of the upper and lower bounds of the support set of the road stability coefficient are known, and the uncertain distribution set characterized by known information is formulated, then the distributionally robust optimization method is used to construct a reliable evacuation path plan under the worst-case scenario of the uncertain set; based on the network breakdown minimization principle, an opportunity constraint model with the goal to minimize congestion probability is established to further ensure the reliability of the route planning scheme. Then the solution method is given, and the simulation analysis is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the method and the reliability of the evacuation path scheme.

Key words: emergency evacuation, route planning, stability coefficient, distributionally robust optimization

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