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中国管理科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 23-33.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1048

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中小企业财务困境与上游供应商信用风险:一损俱损?

顾婧(),胡雅亭   

  1. 四川大学经济学院,四川 成都 610065
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-28 修回日期:2021-10-13 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 顾婧 E-mail:gj0901@scu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学基金资助项目(21XJA790002);四川大学“从0到1”创新研究项目(2022CX12);四川大学青年杰出人才培育项目(SKSYL2022-06)

The Transmission Effect of SMEs' Financial Distress on the Credit Risk of Suppliers

Jing GU(),Ya-ting HU   

  1. School of Economics,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China
  • Received:2021-05-28 Revised:2021-10-13 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2024-01-06
  • Contact: Jing GU E-mail:gj0901@scu.edu.cn

摘要:

中小企业财务困境会给自身带来一系列负面影响,这种负面影响可能在供应链上蔓延。已有研究大多关注前者,忽略了中小企业财务困境对上游供应商造成的信用风险传导效应。为此,本文基于供应链视角,构建传导模型来分析中小企业财务困境对上游供应商信用风险的影响机制;进一步,基于2010-2018年间的中小板上市公司样本对上述机制进行实证检验。理论模型与实证研究均表明,中小企业财务困境对上游供应商的信用风险存在传导过程;上游供应商自身因素对其信用风险的影响较中小企业财务困境因素更大;这种传导过程存在两年的时间效应。此外,高规模、国有性质、高客户集中度供应商的风险抵御能力更强;分行业和产业后发现,制造业、第一二产业供应商的风险抵御能力更弱。本文研究结果,一方面为中小企业以及整个供应链系统的信用风险防控提出参考;另一方面也为增强供应链竞争力提供理论基础。

关键词: 中小企业, 上游供应商, 财务困境, 信用风险, 传导效应

Abstract:

The financial distress of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)will bring a series of negative effects to themselves, from its startup to its decline. Multiple theories and much empirical evidence have been proposed to interpret this phenomenon. At the same time, the distress events can lead to negative wealth and profitability outcomes for supply chain members in the short time and long time. In fact, the financial distress of SMEs has become a major concern in disruptions to normal activities, but only a few contributions in the literature have focused on the transmission effect of SMEs’ financial distress on the credit risk of suppliers. Credit risk refers to the risk caused by the borrower's possible default and failure to repay the loan and interest. The credit risk may propagate further, sometimes even with amplifications, leading to a negative performance outcomes for the members, reducing the overall operational efficiency and competitiveness of the supply chain. To this end, a transmission model is constructed to analyze the impact of SMEs’ financial distress on the credit risk of suppliers. During modeling, classical Jarrow–Turnbull model is used as reference to denote the intensity of default riskαand the probability of default riskF(t). Furthermore, the above mechanism is tested by the sample of Small and Medium-sized Board from 2010 to 2018. The results are as follows based on the theoretical model and empirical research: Firstly, there is a positive relationship between the financial distress of SMEs and the credit risk of suppliers. Secondly, the suppliers’ own factors have a greater impact on their credit risk than that of SMEs’ financial distress. Additionally, this process has a time effect of two years, and suppliers of high scale, high-customer-concentration and state-owned nature are more resistant to credit risk. On the contrast, manufacturing, primary and secondary industry suppliers have weaker risk resilience. The findings of this paper, on the one hand, provide reference for the credit risk prevention and management of SMEs and the supply chain system. On the other hand, promoting the stability and competitiveness of supply chain node-enterprises.

Key words: small and medium-sized enterprise(SME), suppliers, financial distress, credit risk, transmission effect

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