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中国管理科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 46-57.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.0250

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重大事件是否影响了航运市场溢出传递的稳定性

孟斌,廉荣文隽,隋聪,匡海波()   

  1. 大连海事大学综合交通运输协同创新中心,辽宁 大连 116026
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-04 修回日期:2021-09-11 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 匡海波 E-mail:khb@dlmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71831002);高等学校学科创新引智“111”计划资助项目(B20082);教育部人文社会科学资助项目(21YJCZH107);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”资助项目(XLYC2008030)

Do Major Events Affect the Stability of Shipping Market Spillover and Transmission?

Bin MENG,Rong-wen-jun LIAN,Cong SUI,Hai-bo KUANG()   

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center for Transport Studies,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China
  • Received:2021-02-04 Revised:2021-09-11 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-12-05
  • Contact: Hai-bo KUANG E-mail:khb@dlmu.edu.cn

摘要:

跨市场的风险溢出一直是学术界的焦点,在当前全球跨市场风险联动中,航运市场不容忽视。本研究聚焦于航运运价的视角,探析重大事件发生时航运与商品、股票等相关市场间的跨市场价格波动溢出效应,以期找到影响世界经济、金融、商品价格波动的其他关键证据。本文通过TVP-VAR模型对航运、商品等12个子市场间的动态关系进行建模刻画,把握2014—2021年间相应宏观市场乃至由多个市场组成的市场系统动态变化趋势;以新冠疫情、中美贸易摩擦等事件为例,通过时变溢出指数模型考察子市场间信息传递的动态溢出方向及溢出强度,揭示不同时点信息传递的动态变化,通过网络拓扑结构挖掘网络结构重心潜在的时变特征,直观反映在重大事件的冲击下市场系统溢出中心的偏移规律。实证结果表明,市场间总溢出指数整体较高,溢出传递颇为紧密,航运市场为主要的信息传递者,好望角型散货船运价指数的溢出能力最强,且航运子市场的信息溢出与接收能力均呈现非对称分布的特征;不同重大事件对于市场间溢出传递稳定性的冲击强度不同,2020年初市场总体溢出水平最高值较平均水平增长31.52%,且航运市场始终保有传递信息的能力,当重大事件与某一市场直接相关时,该市场也会呈现信息传递能力增长的状态。

关键词: 航运市场, 溢出效应, 重大事件, 跨市场风险

Abstract:

The development of world has been impacted by emergencies of varying degrees and unpredictability, such as the Trade conflict between China and the U.S., the crude oil price war, and the COVID-19. Investors' cognition and sentiment towards the market are directly or indirectly affected by the impact of the above events on the market relationship. Existing studies on cross-market risk spillovers of events are mostly confined to commodity and financial markets. As a giant industry always at the forefront of the global trade market, the shipping industry can not be ignored in the risk linkage between the cross-markets. It focuses on the shipping market, represented by Baltic Capesize Index, Baltic Panama Index, Baltic Supramax Index and Baltic Dirty Tanker Index, and the spillover linkage relationship between it with the commodity market which represented by crude oil, copper, aluminum and other industrial raw materials, and the capital market represented by stocks is explored. Therefore, it provides theoretical reference for cross-market portfolio participants, global transportation networks and capital markets. Firstly, the dynamic relationship among 12 fine molecule markets is modeled by Time-varying parameter VAR model (TVP-SVAR). Combined with the spillover index of different periods, the intensity and direction of spillover of price information among different sub-markets are investigated, so as to grasp the dynamic trend of the market system from 2014 to 2021. Secondly, by taking four major events as examples, the DY spillover index model is used to construct network, and the spillover rules between markets at different time are compared. The potential time-varying characteristics of network center of gravity are explored, and the migration rules of system spillover center under the impact of events are intuitively reflected.The results show that (1) The total spillover index of each sub-market remains at a high level, with an average of 67.29. Under the influence of different events, the total spillover index shows varying degrees of fluctuation, which confirms the influence of events on cross-market stability. The shipping market is the most important information carrier with an average of 37.37, and the Capesize bulk carrier market has the most outstanding overflow capacity. Moreover, the shipping market is different from other markets in that transporting and receiving capacity are asymmetrically distributed, which indicates that the fluctuation of freight price in the shipping market is mainly caused by its own influence, which once again proves the special status of the shipping market. (2) Different events have different impact intensity on the stability of cross-market spillover and the shipping market maintains the ability to transmit information. During the crude oil price war, the maximum of the overall market spillover increased by 31.76% compared with the average. During the COVID-19 pandemic, freight rate spillovers are higher than commodity price spillovers, highlighting the role of the shipping market in the system. In addition, the change of market spillover transmission center is also related to the type of events, and the information transmission ability of the market directly related to it will be improved to varying degrees when the corresponding events occur. New evidence for the importance of shipping market and events in the field of cross-market risk management and investment forecasting, and a new thinking direction for market investors are provided.

Key words: shipping market, spillover effect, major events, cross-market risk

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