疫情下医用防护物资“无接触”配送优化

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.1925

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对疫情下医用防护物资无人车“无接触”配送模式，构建考虑医院优先等级的医用防护物资无人车配送优化模型。根据无人车实时路径规划的特点，初始阶段以配送时间最短，综合满足率最高为目标，对无人车配送路径及物资分配进行初步规划。当路况信息发生实时变化，基于局部更新策略对配送路径进行调整，以更好满足配送的时效性。针对遗传算法局部早期搜索易陷入早熟，后期种群进化停滞的缺陷，设计遗传模拟退火算法放大适应度相近的个体差异，使优秀个体后代作用更加明显。最后，以新冠疫情(COVID-19)爆发期武汉市江汉区与江岸区医用防护物资配送为例，对模型与算法进行验证。结果表明，本文构建的模型考虑了医院优先级别与物资满足程度，能科学地配送医用防护物资，并根据路况信息变化实时调整配送方案；与标准遗传算法相比，设计的遗传模拟退火算法求解稳定性更优，解质量也更高；与传统模型相比，车辆通过拥堵路段的时间越长，无人车配送模型优势越明显。

关键词: 疫情；无人车；医用防护物资；“无接触”配送

Abstract: Aiming at the contactless distribution mode for unmanned vehicle to deliver medical protective materials, an optimization model of unmanned vehicle distribution for medical protective materials considering the priority level of hospitals is established. According to the characteristics of real-time path planning, in the initial planning stage, with the objectives of shortest delivery time and highest comprehensive satisfaction rate, the dispatching paths of unmanned vehicles and material distribution are preliminarily planned. When the road condition information changes in an emergency, the paths are adjusted in real time based on the local update strategy to better meet the timeliness of the distribution. In order to improve the defects of the standard genetic algorithm (SGA), such as local search easily falling into prematurity and population evolution stagnation in later stage, genetic & simulated annealing algorithm (GSA) is designed to amplify individual differences with similar fitness, so as to make the effect of offspring of excellent individuals more obvious. Finally, the distribution of medical protective materials in Jianghan district and Jiangan district of Wuhan city under the new coronavirus epidemic is taken as an example to verify the model and algorithm. The results show that the model constructed can find the optimized distribution solution based on the realtime information of road network, and the GSA is more stable than SGA. Compared with the SGA, the GSA is more stable and the quality of solution is higher. Compared with the traditional model, the longer the vehicles pass through the congested road, the more obvious the advantages of the unmanned vehicle distribution model.

Key words: epidemic disease; unmanned vehicle; medical protective materials; contactless distribution

中图分类号:

F224.32

胡卉, 唐子淇, 刘富鑫, 王愚勤, 何雄飞, 赵姣. 疫情下医用防护物资“无接触”配送优化[J]. 中国管理科学, 2023, 31(5): 152-163.

HU Hui, TANG Zi-qi, LIU Fu-xin, WANG Yu-qin, HE Xiong-fei, ZHAO Jiao. Optimization of Contactless Distribution of Medical Protective Materials During the Outbreak of Spreading Epidemic Disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2023, 31(5): 152-163.

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