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中国管理科学

中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 195-202.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.2242cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.2242

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考虑前需求扰动的预约停车多阶段拍卖策略研究

高歌1, 刘月1, 孙会君2()   

  1. 1.山东科技大学交通学院，山东 青岛 266590
    2.北京交通大学系统科学学院，北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-14 修回日期:2023-01-17 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-06-04
  • 通讯作者: 孙会君 E-mail:hjsun1@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(71801144);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72171020);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2023MG008)

Research on Multi-Stage Auction Strategy of Reserved Parking Considering pre Demand Disturbance

Ge Gao1, Yue Liu1, Huijun Sun2()   

  1. 1.School of Transportation，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266590，China
    2.School of Systems Science，Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing 100044，China
  • Received:2022-10-14 Revised:2023-01-17 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-06-04
  • Contact: Huijun Sun E-mail:hjsun1@bjtu.edu.cn

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摘要：

预约停车是提高车位占用率的有效方法之一。但是，在实际的预约停车过程中，由于部分司机的迟到或爽约引发停车需求的扰动，导致停车位占用率不高，浪费了停车资源。鉴于此，本文研究了如何通过多阶段拍卖的停车位预约方法解决因“前需求扰动”（司机迟到或爽约）造成的停车位占用率不高的问题。在停车位预约的多阶段拍卖中，本文首次提出了一种“司机迟到报告机制”。依据司机的迟到报告情况，停车预约平台对车位进行下一阶段拍卖，以此提高车位利用率、减少车辆巡游时间。为了鼓励迟到司机向平台报告，对报告的司机进行奖励，对不报告的司机进行惩罚。研究表明，基于多阶段拍卖的停车预约机制给停车场带来的收益高于传统的“先到先服务”停车预约方式。“司机迟到报告机制”能有效地抑制前需求扰动带来的停车场收益的大幅波动。同时，该机制减少了停车车辆的巡游时间，增加了司机的收益，提高了社会效益。

关键词: 预约停车, 多阶段拍卖, 前需求扰动, 车位占用率

Abstract:

Parking reservation is one of the effective methods to improve the occupancy rate of parking spaces. However， some drivers may not park on time as scheduled， which leads to low utilization of parking spaces and wastes parking resources. In view of this， in order to solve the problem of low utilization of parking spaces caused by drivers who are late， a parking space reservation method is proposed based on multi-stage Vickrey Clarke Groves auction. In the multi-stage auction of parking space reservation， a “driver late report” mechanism is proposed for the first time.The platform conducts the next stage auction of parking spaces according to drivers' reports， so as to improve the utilization rate of parking spaces and reduce vehicle cruise time. The “driver late reporting” mechanism can effectively suppress the large fluctuation of parking lot utility and driver parking benefit caused by the previous demand disturbance. At the same time， it also reduces the cruising time of parked vehicles and improves the income of drivers and social benefits.

Key words: parking space reservation, multi-stage auction, pre demand disturbance, parking space utilization

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