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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 63-76.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2025.0278cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2025.0278

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“链主”国有企业能引领链上民营企业创新能力提升吗?——基于产业链溢出效应的视角

任广乾1, 景曼1, 焦豪2(), 薛坤坤1   

  1. 1.郑州大学商学院,河南 郑州 450001
    2.北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-20 修回日期:2025-06-03 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 焦豪 E-mail:haojiao@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(25VRC018);河南省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2026-YYZD-07);河南省软科学研究计划重点项目(262400411030);郑州大学青年学生基础研究项目(ZDBJ202501);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1233200006)

Can State-owned Enterprises asChain LeaderLead the Improvement of Innovation Capabilities of Private Enterprises on the Chain? From the Perspective of Spillover Effects in the Industrial Chain

Guangqian Ren1, Man Jing1, Hao Jiao2(), Kunkun Xue1   

  1. 1.Business School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China
    2.BNU Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
  • Received:2025-02-20 Revised:2025-06-03 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-03-27
  • Contact: Hao Jiao E-mail:haojiao@bnu.edu.cn

摘要:

“链主”企业是产业链强链、补链、延链的关键力量,国有企业具有成为“链主”企业的核心优势,充分发挥“链主”国有企业的辐射带动作用、引领链上民营企业协同发展是增强产业链韧性的重要途径。本文基于2009—2023年沪深A股上市民营企业及其前五大供应商和客户的数据,从产业链企业关联的视角考察“链主”国有企业对链上民营企业创新能力的影响及作用机制。研究发现,“链主”国有企业能够发挥“头雁效应”,引领链上民营企业创新能力提升。机制检验发现,“链主”国有企业通过技术创新溢出、缓解融资约束和优化资源配置三条路径提升链上民营企业创新能力。异质性研究发现,“链主”国有企业对链上民营企业的创新引领效应存在异质性,非西部地区、高市场竞争程度以及与“链主”国有企业地理距离较近的链上民营企业受益更显著。此外,当“链主”国有企业属于高科技行业以及数字化转型程度较高时,其对链上民营企业的创新引领效应更显著。经济后果检验发现,“链主”国有企业通过提高链上民营企业创新能力进一步提升了企业价值。研究结论深化了对“链主”国有企业纵向产业引领作用的认识,为进一步释放“链主”国有企业效能、促进国有企业民营企业协同提升产业链韧性提供经验依据。

关键词: “链主”国有企业, 链上民营企业, 创新能力, 产业链溢出

Abstract:

Against the background of global economic downturn, intensified trade friction, and frequent geopolitical conflicts, the risks of “stuck chain” and “broken chain” in China’s industrial chain continue to rise, and enhancing the resilience and innovation effectiveness of the industrial chain has become an important proposition for achieving high-quality economic development. The “chain leader” enterprises are the key force to strengthen, supplement, and extend the industrial chain, and the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have the core advantages to become the “chain leader” enterprises, so they should give full play to the radiation and driving role of the “chain leader” SOEs and lead the private enterprises in the chain. To give full play to the role of “chain leader” SOEs and lead the collaborative development of private enterprises in the chain is an important way to enhance the resilience of the industry chain. Based on the above research background, the data of A-share listed private enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen and their top five suppliers and customers from 2009 to 2023 are taken as samples, and the influence of “chain leader” SOEs on the innovation ability of private enterprises in the chain and its mechanism is examined from the perspective of the association of industrial chain enterprises.The conclusions are as follows. Firstly, “chain leader” SOEs can play the “wild goose effect” and lead the improvement of the innovation capacity of private enterprises in the chain. Secondly, the mechanism test finds that “chain leader” SOEs enhance the innovation capacity of private enterprises in the chain through three paths: technological innovation spillover, alleviating financing constraints, and optimizing resource allocation. Thirdly, the heterogeneity test finds that there is heterogeneity in the innovation-leading effect of the “chain leader” SOEs on the private enterprises in the chain, and the benefits are more significant for the private enterprises in the chain that are not in the western region, with a high degree of market competition, and in the geographic distance between the “chain leader” SOEs and the private enterprises in the chain that are closer to the “chain leader” SOEs. In addition, when the “chain leader” SOEs belong to high-tech industries and have a higher degree of digital transformation, their innovation leadership effect on the private enterprises in the chain is more significant. Fourthly, the economic consequences test finds that the “chain leader” SOEs further enhance their enterprise value by improving the innovation capabilities of private enterprises on the chain.

Key words: “chain leader” state-owned enterprises, private enterprises in the industrial chain, innovation ability, industrial chain overflow

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