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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 48-58.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.2378

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信托还是经纪?数据中介的运营模式研究

侯利华1, 聂腾飞2, 王子卓2, 张江华2()   

  1. 1.齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)政法学院,山东 济南 250353
    2.山东大学管理学院,山东 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-30 修回日期:2025-05-16 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 张江华 E-mail:zhangjianghua@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72293582);国家自然科学基金项目(72293580);山东省泰山学者工程专项项目(TSTP20230608);山东省泰山学者工程专项项目(TSQN202306077);山东省泰山学者工程专项项目(TSQN202103024)

Trust or Broker? Strategic Analysis of Operation Modes of Data Intermediary

Lihua Hou1, Tengfei Nie2, Zizhuo Wang2, Jianghua Zhang2()   

  1. 1.School of Political Science and Law,Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China
    School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China
  • Received:2024-12-30 Revised:2025-05-16 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-10-09
  • Contact: Jianghua Zhang E-mail:zhangjianghua@sdu.edu.cn

摘要:

数据交易是数据要素价值实现的关键途径。近年来,数据交易的创新实践中出现了中介作为数据经纪商向数据提供商和购买者提供第三方服务进而促进交易的经纪模式,以及中介作为数据托管服务商对受托数据进行运用、增值并产生收益的信托模式。本文从数据价值、数据安全、交易成本的角度对经纪模式和信托模式进行分析,探讨了中介和提供商在两种模式下的决策,并讨论了其对于两种模式的策略偏好。研究发现,当数据缺失成本高且产品不匹配成本上界高时,中介和提供商都倾向于收取较高佣金率且采用释放数据价值的信托模式。当数据泄露成本高且提供商的交易成本高时,或购买者的交易成本较高时,中介和提供商都偏好于采用较高佣金率和第三方服务水平的经纪模式。此外,当交易成本高或数据价值高时信托模式能够最大化消费者剩余。本研究可为数据中介的运营决策提供依据和启示。

关键词: 数据中介, 数据经纪, 数据信托, 运营模式

Abstract:

Data transactions play a vital role in realizing the value of data elements. In recent years, two innovative modes of data transaction have emerged: the broker mode, in which the intermediary acts as a third-party service provider to facilitate transactions between buyers and providers; and the trust mode, in which the intermediary serves as a data hosting service provider to utilize, add value to, and monetize the entrusted data. In this paper, the broker and trust modes are analyzed from the perspectives of data value, data security, and transaction cost. The decision-making of the intermediary and the provider under the two modes is examined, and their strategic preferences are explored. The findings indicate that the trust mode is preferred by both the intermediary and the provider when both data shortage cost and misfit cost are high. Conversely, the broker mode is preferred by both parties when both data leakage cost and the provider’s transaction cost are high, or when buyer’s transaction cost is relatively high. Moreover, consumer surplus is maximized under the trust mode when either transaction cost or data value is high. Effective support and insights are provided for operational decisions in data transactions.

Key words: data intermediary, data broker, data trust, operation modes

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