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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 301-311.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.1751

• • 上一篇    

市场匹配与客户公平敏感对双渠道排队服务的影响研究

李继红1,2(), 张子健2   

  1. 1.山西大学管理与决策研究所,山西 太原 030031
    2.山西大学经济与管理学院,山西 太原 030031
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-29 修回日期:2025-09-04 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 李继红 E-mail:lijh1982@sxu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(22BTQ060)

Research on the Impact of Market Matching Degree and Customer Fairness Sensitivity on Dual Channel Queuing Services

Jihong Li1,2(), Zijian Zhang2   

  1. 1.Institute of Management and Decision making,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030031,China
    2.School of Economics and Management,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030031,China
  • Received:2024-09-29 Revised:2025-09-04 Online:2026-10-25 Published:2026-10-09
  • Contact: Jihong Li E-mail:lijh1982@sxu.edu.cn

摘要:

数字化转型背景下,服务业通过采取“线上线下”双渠道运营模式,减少客户等待时间,提高服务效率,但线上渠道信息的不透明影响到商品/服务与客户需求的匹配度,且线上渠道的存在降低线下客户的体验,造成线下客户的不公平感。本文从客户排队等待视角,研究产品/服务市场匹配与客户公平敏感对双渠道服务运营的影响,关注到线上渠道客户存在云排队行为(异地等待),通过最大化线上客户效用,给出线上客户的最优来到时间。基于客户来到行为决策,本文对线上客户与线下客户效用进行对比,将双渠道排队服务更详细地划分为线上客户占优、线下客户占优与互不占优三种场景,给出具体的运营实施条件。最后,分析不同模式下客户选择是否服务的博弈行为并最大化企业利润函数,展示了客户需求与企业定价决策。研究表明,对于高匹配度或宣传真实度较高的产品/服务,双渠道运营宜采用线上客户占优模式,更有利于实现推广与服务的数字化。对于匹配度适中或宣传真实度较低的产品/服务,双渠道运营机制的选择受不公平规避因素影响:若客户群体对不公平感知较强,更适合采用线下占优模式;反之,线上占优或互不占优模式更为适宜。在双渠道排队服务机制下,企业定价通常低于传统单渠道,但企业收益并没有此规律。

关键词: 市场匹配度, 公平敏感, 云排队, 客户占优, 企业定价

Abstract:

Under the background of digital transformation, the service industry is increasingly adopting an "online-offline" dual-channel service operation model, which reduces customer waiting time and improves service efficiency. However, the lack of transparency in online channels affects the matching between products/services and customer needs, and the existence of online channels reduces the experience of offline customers, leading to a sense of unfairness among them. From the perspective of customer waiting time, the impact of product/service-market fit and customer fairness preferences on the utility of dual-channel customers is studied, taking into account the cloud queuing behavior (remote waiting) of online customers. By maximizing the utility of online customers, the optimal arrival time for online customers is derived. Based on this result, a comparison of utility between online and offline customers is conducted. Depending on the degree of product/service-market fit and the parameter of customer unfairness aversion, the dual-channel queuing service is further divided into three modes: online customer dominance, offline customer dominance, and mutual non-dominance, with implementation conditions for each mode specified. Finally, the game behavior of customers regarding whether to choose the service under different service modes is analyzed, and the enterprise profit function is maximized, revealing the optimal choices of customers and the optimal pricing for the enterprise. The research indicates that: 1) For products/services with high matching degree or high promotional authenticity, a dual-channel operation is better suited to an online-customer-dominant model, as this approach is more conducive to achieving digitalization in promotion and service delivery; 2) For products/services with moderate matching degree or low promotional authenticity, the choice of dual-channel operation mechanism is significantly influenced by inequity aversion: if the customer group has a strong perception of unfairness, an offline-dominant mode is more appropriate; conversely, an online-dominant or mutual non-dominant mode is preferable; 3) Under a dual-channel queuing service mechanism, corporate pricing is generally lower than in traditional single-channel models, though no consistent pattern is observed in corporate profits.

Key words: market matching degree, fairness sensitivity, cloud queuing, customer advantage, enterprise pricing

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