ε-约束法," /> ε-约束法,"/> ε-constraint method,"/> 突发事件冲击下应对供应中断的供应链响应计划研究
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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 57-66.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.1173

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突发事件冲击下应对供应中断的供应链响应计划研究

景熠(), 刘威, 刘芹芹, 程凤娇, 张华荣   

  1. 重庆理工大学管理学院,重庆 400054
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-13 修回日期:2023-08-24 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 景熠 E-mail:clearsky0429@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(71802034);重庆市教委人文社会科学研究项目(21SKGH185)

Research on the Response Planning of Supply Chain to Cope with Supply Disruption under the Impact of Emergencies

Yi Jing(), Wei Liu, Qinqin Liu, Fengjiao Cheng, Huarong Zhang   

  1. College of Management,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China
  • Received:2023-07-13 Revised:2023-08-24 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-10-24
  • Contact: Yi Jing E-mail:clearsky0429@126.com

摘要:

随着经济全球化和产业分工的持续升级,供应链成员的相互依存关系日益紧密,如果上游供应商遭受突发事件冲击导致供应中断,将会对中下游企业造成难以估量的损失。本文针对三级供应链的供应中断问题,从事前预防和事后补救两个角度,提出了基于储备纵向战略库存、签订应急期权、紧急加购、寻求后备供应商、产品设计变更的综合应对策略。在此基础上,以最大化制造商的销售利润为优化目标,构建了应对供应中断的供应链响应计划模型。进一步,通过引入最小化延期交付率的优化目标,又将其拓展为双目标模型。根据模型结构特点,基于ILOG CPLEX和增广ε-约束法,设计了相应的求解过程。最后,仿真结果表明:当发生供应中断时,本文设计的供应链响应计划方法能够有效帮助制造商止损,并尽可能将其生产运作维持在正常水平;单一应对策略只能解决短期供应中断问题,对于长期中断,需要在不同阶段采取不同的策略组合;虽然产品设计变更策略的投入成本可能较大,但如果中断时间持续延长或者为了降低订单延期交付率,制造商也不得不采用这一策略。

关键词: 供应中断, 响应计划, 突发事件, ε-约束法')">增广ε-约束法

Abstract:

With the continuous upgrading of economic globalization and the further deepening of industrial division, supply chain networks have become more and more large and complex. Moreover, under the influence of concepts such as “Just in Time”, the resource configuration of the traditional supply chain follows the internal logic of prioritizing efficiency, which brings huge benefits to enterprises, but meanwhile increases the vulnerability of enterprises in the face of risks. If any member enterprise in the supply chain suffers from the impact of an emergency, resulting in its operation stagnation or even paralysis, the impact will quickly spread and diffuse to the entire network, bringing immeasurable losses to other member enterprises.In order to solve the issue of supply disruption in a three-level supply chain consisting of multiple suppliers, one manufacturer and multiple distributors, a comprehensive coping strategy is proposed based on reserving vertical strategic inventory, signing emergency options, expanding procurement urgently, seeking backup supplier and changing product design from the perspectives of pre-prevention and post-remediation. Based on this, three different models are constructed. The first model is the conventional operational planning model of the supply chain without supply disruption. The second model is the response planning model of the supply chain for coping with supply disruption, the objective of which is to maximize the manufacturer’s sales profit in the disruption duration. In the third model, the objective of minimizing the deferred delivery rate of orders is added. Then, according to the structural characteristics of these models, the corresponding solving processes are designed based on ILOG CPLEX and augmented ε-constraint method.The simulation results show that when supply disruption occurs, the response planning method of the supply chain designed in this paper can effectively help the manufacturer to stop the loss and maintain the production operation at the normal level as far as possible; every single coping strategy is only effective in tackling short-term supply disruption, but for long-term disruption, it is necessary to adopt different combinations of multiple strategies at different stages of the disruption duration; although the start-up cost of the product design change strategy may be high, manufacturer will have to use this strategy if the disruption duration continues to lengthen or the enterprise wants to reduce the deferred delivery rate of orders.

Key words: supply disruption, response planning, emergencies, ε-constraint method')">augmented ε-constraint method

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