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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 47-56.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.2120

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突发公共卫生事件下企业委托代理问题与最优资本结构

罗鹏飞1, 姚彦铭1, 谭英贤2()   

  1. 1.湖南大学金融与统计学院,湖南 长沙 410079
    2.江西财经大学金融学院,江西 南昌 330013
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-27 修回日期:2023-01-16 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 谭英贤 E-mail:yxtan6@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72373039);国家自然科学基金项目(72463013);国家自然科学基金项目(72001074);国家自然科学基金项目(71901111);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(23YJA630087);教育部人文社会科学基金项目(19YJC630152);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ40132);江西省科技厅基金项目(GJJ200508);江西省自科基金研究项目(20224BAB201004)

The Principal-agent Problem and Financing Policies under the Public Health Emergencies

Pengfei Luo1, Yanming Yao1, Yingxian Tan2()   

  1. 1.School of Finance and statistics,Hunan University,Changsha 410079,China
    2.School of Finance,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China
  • Received:2022-09-27 Revised:2023-01-16 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-10-24
  • Contact: Yingxian Tan E-mail:yxtan6@163.com

摘要:

突发公共卫生事件(如新冠疫情)影响企业治理与融资决策,受到政府、企业和学者的广泛关注。本文将随机传染病模型引入到连续时间委托代理模型中,运用动态规划方法得到企业证券价值满足的微分方程,并用契约理论得到内生管理者薪酬。研究发现,企业最优券息与传染率呈负相关,与感染者数量不确定性呈正相关。企业代理成本与传染率呈正相关、与感染者数量不确定性呈负相关。最后,本文发现,疫情导致管理者内生化努力水平降低,加剧了企业债务积压问题。

关键词: 随机传染病模型, 契约理论, 融资决策, 代理成本

Abstract:

Public health emergencies is a new era proposition of the economic development. The epidemic affects the firms’ financial decisions, which has been widely concerned by government, firms, and scholars. The outbreak of COVID-19 led to a sharp rise in employee unemployment, causing huge losses to the economy. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the unemployment rate reached 6.2%, and GDP in the first quarter fell by 6.8% in 2020. Faced with the impact of epdidemic, reasonable business decisions are very important. Thus, stochastic SIS model is incorporated into the continuous-time principle-agent model and the impact of epidemic on manager’s compensation and financing decisions is studied.The negative impact of the epidemic on the firm value is considered. Specifically, it is assumed that the shareholders hire agents to take charge of the business decisions of the firm. The profits after interest and tax, denoted by dXt, evolves as:dXt=μIt+atdt+σItdZt, where denote the state variable, infected population by It. An increase in the infected population It leads to a decrease in the growth rate μIt and an increase in corporate volatility σIt. at represents the effort level of agents, μIt at represents the growth rate of cash flow, σIt denotes the volatility of income and Zt is a standard Brownian motion. Besides we assume that the infected population It is given by dIt=[β(1-It)-η]Itdt+σtIt(1-It)dZt, where β represents an effective transmission rate and η represents the rate at which infected individuals become cured. The numerical results show that: first, the relationship between optimal coupon and the transmission rate is negative; the relationship between optimal coupon and the uncertainty of the infected population is positive. Second, the relationship between agency cost and the transmission rate is positive, while the relationship between agency cost and the uncertainty of infected population is negative. Last, we also find that the epidemic reduces the optimal effort and exacerbates the debt overhang problem.

Key words: the stochastic SIS model, the contract theory, financing policies, agency cost

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