山区配电网震后恢复及资源调度集成优化研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2020.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地震的发生往往会对配电网产生较大破坏，影响供电质量。山区路网地形地貌的复杂性及受地震破坏等，增加了资源调度的困难，阻碍了山区配电网的恢复。因此，本文针对山区配电网震后恢复及资源调度集成优化问题，建立以恢复绩效最大为目标的非线性混合整数规划模型，并根据模型特点，引入A*算法求解各节点间的最优路径与所需时间，通过改进具有快速稳健特性的细菌群趋药性算法（BCCOA）对模型进行求解，得到山区配电网恢复及资源调度策略，并采用IEEE30，IEEE57和IEEE118节点系统，验证所述策略的可行性和有效性。结果表明：（1）改进的BCCOA相对于枚举法，在求解精度和计算时间上都有较好优势；（2）当资源调度能力一定，改变抢修能力时，配电网恢复绩效平均提升36.40%。而当抢修能力一定，改变资源调度能力时，由于受抢修能力的影响，配电网恢复绩效平均提升7.99%，但资源调度延迟率下降了61.71%，可提高配电网恢复绩效。而同时改变两者的能力时，配电网恢复绩效平均提升38.23%，提升了209.14%，表明资源调度在山区配电网震后恢复中的重要性，说明山区配电网震后恢复及资源调度集成优化研究符合实际决策需求；（3）改进的BCCOA相较于BCCOA，其算法性能提升了2.68%，各改进策略均产生了效果。

关键词: 山区, 地震, 配电网恢复, 资源调度, 细菌群趋药性算法

Abstract: In recent years, though the number of natural disasters is decreasing, the cost of economic damages globally has seen an increase compared to the past two decades. One reason for higher economic losses is the consequence of disasters damaged the lifeline system, especially; the earthquake often has severe damaged to the power distribution system. An important issue faced by the local and federal authorities is the power distribution systems repair and restoration scheduling and logistic support. For the power distribution systems restoration scheduling problem, which includes the sequence for repairing the damaged components, i.e., buses, distribution lines, and assigning and routing for the repair crews? For the logistic support, which includes the materials allocation problem and the materials delivery problem? Specially, in determining the restoration schedule, it is important to consider the fact that the logistics support and geographical features. Therefore, a non-linear mixed integer programming model is first developed to maximize the utilities of restoration to describe the post-earthquake mountain areas power distribution systems restoration problem integrated with logistics support.
According to the mathematical model, the MATPOWER 6.0 is used to control the constraint sets of the voltage of buses and the current of the distribution line. Since the scheduling and routing of the repair crews and the delivers is similar to the vehicle routing problem, which has been proved to be a NP-hard problem. In order to conquer this problem, the bacterial colony chemotaxis optimization algorithm (BCCOA) is introduced and improved by the strategy of chaos migration, the strategy of differential evolution, the strategy of precision self-adaption, and the strategy of normalizing the value of the objective function; the BCCOA with these strategies is referred as improved BCCOA. In addition, the A* algorithm is employed to calculate the required travel time between each pair of nodes to dismiss the impacts of the geographical features.
Ultimately, the IEEE30, IEEE57, and IEEE118 buses system are employed to check the validation and utilizes of the improved BCCOA and the adopted strategies. The results show that: (1) The improved BCCOA has a good performance on the quality of solution and the CPU time when comparing with the enumerate method; (2) Only increase the capacity of restoration, the utilities of restoration increased 36.40% averagely, while only increase the capacity of materials supply support, due to limited of the capacity of restoration, the utilities of restoration only increased 7.99% averagely, but the delays of material supply support decreased 61.71%. When increasing the capacity of restoration and materials supply support simultaneously, the utilities of restoration be increased 38.23% averagely, the increased percentage nearly 209.14%. All of these results show that the logistic support is critical and practical to restore the power distribution system; and (3) The strategy of differential evolution is more powerful than the strategy of chaos migration, the strategy of chaos migration is more useful than the strategy of precision self-adaption, the strategy of normalizing the value of the objective function is dominated by the strategy of precision self-adaption, while the BCCOA is dominated by all of these strategies. These results indicate that the adopted strategies are really useful and helpful to improve the quality of strategy for restoring the post-earthquake mountain areas power distribution systems with the logistic support.

Key words: mountain areas, earthquake, power distribution systems restoration, logistic support, bacterial colony chemotaxis optimization algorithm

中图分类号:

F252.3
TM272

李双琳. 山区配电网震后恢复及资源调度集成优化研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2020, 28(8): 148-161.

LI Shuang-lin. Logistic Support for Post-earthquake Mountain Areas Power Distribution Systems Restoration[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2020, 28(8): 148-161.

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