关键词: 地震灾害, 选址-转运, 心理成本, epsilon约束法

Abstract: The sudden and destructive earthquake disasters often lead to some casualties cannot be transported quickly and timely, which will cause anxiety and panicto casualties andaffect the efficiency of emergency rescue. Transporting casualties from earthquake-affected areas to on-site clinics or general hospitals are vital after devastating earthquake strikes. On-site clinics are established near disaster areas such as racecourses or airports to provide simple treatment and general hospital can provide comprehensive treatment in EMS for casualties.At that time, not only the optimal locations of on-site clinics and general hospitals, butalso the scheme of casualty transportation should be decided. In this paper,a bi-objective dynamic mixed integer programming model combining emergency medical facilities location and casualty transportation for casualty response planningin various period safter earthquake is developed, in which all the casualties were transported to the on-site clinics by ambulance, then the more serious casualties in stable condition were transported to the general hospital for comprehensive treatment by helicopter. The dynamic change of the emergency medical resources, survival probability change and the psychological status of the various casualtiesover timeare considered. The objective is to maximize the survival quantity and minimize the psychological costof the casualties.The epsilon constraint method is used to transform bi-objective model effectively. Then CPLEX is used to solve the cases based on Yushu earthquake. Finally, sensitivity analysis shows that the capacity of on-site clinics and the number of the ambulances have greater effect on the objective value compared with the capacity of general hospitals and the number of the helicopters. The number of ambulances should be increased to transported more serious casualties in the early stage of the disaster and the capacity of temporary hospitals should be increased to transport more mild casualties in the middle and late period in order to improve the survival rate of casualties and decrease the psychological costs.The scientific decision-making basis for casualty response planning is provided and the basic theory of emergency medical rescue is developed.

Key words: earthquake disaster, location-transportation, psychological cost, epsilon constraint method