基于合作溢出的战略联盟不稳定性研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 战略联盟的不稳定性与专有核心资源的共享及其溢出有关。在一个专业化理论模型中,专有核心资源共享和溢出能够带来专业化分工的经济性和成员核心竞争力的提升,这同时打破了事前的竞争力平衡状态,从而引发了成员间争夺和防护最大化溢出的合作冲突。在信息对称的情况下,战略联盟是一个“囚犯困境”,不稳定性由这一博弈的均衡结果来反映,而在信息不对称时,最优溢出量的相机决策建立在对对方溢出量的预期和事先竞争力对比的基础上,由于联盟成员之间的激励不相容,当合作变成不可置信承诺以及市场价格波动时,联盟也是不稳定的。

关键词: 战略联盟, 专有核心资源, 合作, 溢出, 不稳定性

Abstract: Instabilities of strategic alliances relate to sharing of proprietary core resources.A specialization theory model indicates that spillovers with the core resources sharing can break ex balance of competition,although it can bring economies of division to and enhance competion abilities of alliances members.Thus it brings the inherent tension between cooperation and competition in alliances,and also causes to alliances instabilities simultaneity.When information is symmetric,the cooperative conflict which causes instabilities to alliances can be described by a"prisoner’s dilemma",and when information is asymmetric,optimal spillover is a result of the contingent decision based on the anticipation for spillover levels of other member’s and the ex ante competitive ability ratio.Because of incentive incompatibility,when cooperation isn’t a believed commitment and when the prices in market undulate,alliances disintegrate.

Key words: strategy alliances, propriety core resources, cooperation, spillover, instabilities

中图分类号:

F830

蔡继荣, 胡培. 基于合作溢出的战略联盟不稳定性研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2005, (4): 142-148.

CAI Ji-rong, HU Pei. A Study on Instabilities of Strategic Alliance Based upon Cooperative Spillovers[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2005, (4): 142-148.

参考文献

[1] Beamish, P. W. The characteristics of joint ventures in developed and developing countries [J]. Columbia J. World Bus, 1985,20(3)13-19.
[2] Kogut,B.Joint ventures: theoretical and empirical perspective[J]. Strategic Management J., 1988,9: 319-332.
[3] Park, S. H., G. R, Ungson. The effect of national culture,organizational complementarity, and economic motivation on joint venture dissolution[J].Academy of Management,1997,40:270-307.
[4] T.K.Das,and Bing-Sheng Teng. Instabilities of strategic alliances: an internal tensions perspective [J]. Organization Science, 2000 ,January-February, 11 (1): 77-101.
[5] Bleeke, J., and Ernst, D.. Collaborating to compete: using strategic alliances and acquisitions in the global marketplace[M].New York:Wiley.1993,林燕等译,中国大百科全书出版社,1998年8月.
[6] Robert, E.Spekman, Lynn A. Isabella, and Thomas C. Macavor. Alliances management: a view from past and a look to the future [J].Journal of Management Studies,November 1998,35(6): 747-772.
[7] Hennart,J.F.A transaction cost theory of equity joint ventures[J].Strategic Management Journal,1988,9:361-374.
[8] Parkhe, A., Strategic alliance structuring: a game theory and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation [J].Academy of Management Journal, 1993,36:794-829.
[9] Das, T. K. and B. Teng. Resources and risk management in the strategic alliances making process[J].Journal of Management, 1998,2421-42.
[10] Ming Zeng and Xiao-Ping Chen. Achieving cooperation in multiparty alliances:a social dilemma approach to partnership management [J].Academy of Management Review, 2003, Vol. 28, No. 4,587-605.
[11] Andrew C. Inkpen, Paul W. Beamish. Knowledge, bargaining power, and the instabilities of international joint ventures[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1997,22 (1),177-202.
[12] 郭焱、张世英等.战略联盟契约风险对策研究[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(4):105-110.
[13] 赵昌平,王方华,葛卫华.战略联盟企业间的和谐性分析和优化[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(4):115-118.
[14] Wenli Chen, Jeffrey Sachs, and Xiaokai Yang. An inframarginal analysis of the Ricardian Model [J]. Review of International Economics,2000,8(2) :208-220.
[15] Prahalad, C. K., and Hamel, Gary. The core competence of the corporation[J]. Harward Business Review, May-June1990:79-91.
[16] Hamel, G.. Competition for competence and interpartner leaming within international strategic alliances [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1991,12: 83-103.
[17] Khanna, T., Gulati, R., and Nohria, N.. The dynamics of learning alliances: competition, cooperation and relative scope[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1998,21: 781-790.
[18] Das, T.K.and B.Teng. Managing risk in strategic alliances[J]. Academy of Management Executive 1999, 13(4) :50-62.