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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 187-199.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.1011

• • 上一篇    

基于多元集成分析的矿井突水风险预测优化模型及算法研究

郑秋爽, 王长峰()   

  1. 北京邮电大学经济管理学院,北京 100876
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-14 修回日期:2023-11-06 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 王长峰 E-mail:wangcf@bupt.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目(22&ZD135);国家社会科学基金国家应急管理体系建设专项(20VYJ061);北京邮电大学博士生创新基金项目(CX20242042)

Prediction of Roof Water Inrush Based on Multivariate Integrated Analysis Model

Qiushuang Zheng, Changfeng Wang()   

  1. School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China
  • Received:2023-06-14 Revised:2023-11-06 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-06
  • Contact: Changfeng Wang E-mail:wangcf@bupt.edu.cn

摘要:

随着煤层向深度延伸,地质条件趋于更加复杂,导致灾变突水更加难以探查,造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。本文基于钻孔地质数据小样本非线性的特征,提出了耦合理论分析、统计学分析,数值模拟和机器学习仿真的多元集成分析风险预测定量模型。首先,使用三角模糊数定量化表征基于经验值的对比矩阵,同时考虑底层主控风险因子的网络化风险传递作用,并采用博弈矩阵对主控因素的主客观权重占比合理分配,构建基于主客观双因子综合赋权的富水性指数模型。其次,采用PSO-SVM-GIS模型充分挖掘导水通道数据联系,利用协同克里金插值实现数据的升维和空间信息处理。最后,通过风险的充要条件图层表征耦合,实现定量结果的定性可视化,达到以小样本数据精准预测灾害风险的目的。结果表明:基于多元集成分析的三图法优化模型具有较高的精度和泛化能力,真实刻画了矿井突水这种受控于多因素、数据体量小、且具有非常复杂形成机理的非线性动力过程,实现了对于突水高风险区的精准研判,可为制定针对性防治水措施提供技术支撑,从而前瞻性确保了煤矿安全生产。

关键词: 矿井突水, 主客观双因子综合赋权法, 多元集成分析, 风险预测

Abstract:

Accidents involving sudden water inrushes during coal mining processes often result in significant casualties and property damage. A quantifiable risk prediction model is proposed using a multi-dimensional integrated analysis approach based on the nonlinear features of small-sample drilling geological data, and from the perspective of geological structures and hydrogeological conditions, with Wu Qiang's "three-maps method" as the foundation of research. The triangle fuzzy number quantitative characterization of the empirical comparison matrix is used to reasonably allocate subjective and objective weights of the main control factors through cooperative game theory. The established weights of the five main controlling factors are as follows: aquifer thickness (0.217), aquifuge thickness (0.209), core recovery rate (0.251), permeability coefficient (0.137), and sandstone lithology coefficient (0.186). Then the PSO-SVM-GIS is used to fully explore the data relationships of water-conducting channels and to achieve data upscaling and spatial information processing using collaborative kriging interpolation. Finally, by coupling the representation of the necessary and sufficient conditions of risk, the quantitative results are visually represented qualitatively, achieving the goal of accurately predicting disaster risk using small-sample data. The Yingpanhao Coal Mine is selected as a case study for empirical analysis, employing the vulnerability index method to integrate thematic maps of the controlling factors within ArcGIS, weighted by their respective proportions. The working face is systematically categorized into zones according to the risk of water inrush, delineating areas as safe, relatively safe, transitional, moderately hazardous, and hazardous. This classification demonstrates a strong correlation with empirical observations, thereby facilitating the precise prediction of disaster risks through the utilization of a limited dataset. The results show that the optimized model of the three-graph method based on multi-dimensional integrated analysis has good accuracy and generalization ability, and accurately characterizes the nonlinear dynamic process of sudden water inrushes controlled by multiple factors, with small data volume and extremely complex formation mechanism, achieving precise judgment of high-risk areas for water inrushes. This provides technical support for formulating targeted preventive measures, which is significant in guiding the prediction and prevention of roof water damage and subsidence disasters, and thus ensures the safe production of coal mines in advance.

Key words: water inrush, subjective and objective dual factor weighting, multivariate integrated analysis, risk prediction

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