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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 251-264.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2021.1113

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直播电商:管理挑战与潜在研究方向

肖勇波(), 王旭红, 喻静, 赵翠   

  1. 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地清华大学现代管理研究中心,清华大学经济管理学院,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-04 修回日期:2022-05-24 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 肖勇波 E-mail:xiaoyb@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030-“新一代人工智能”重大项目(2020AAA0103801);国家自然科学基金项目(72125002)

Live-streaming e-Commerce: Management Challenges and Potential Research Directions

Yongbo Xiao(), Xuhong Wang, Jing Yu, Cui Zhao   

  1. Research Center for Contemporary Management,Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities,School of Economics & Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2021-06-04 Revised:2022-05-24 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Yongbo Xiao E-mail:xiaoyb@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要:

自2016年蘑菇街自建直播电商小程序以来,近些年直播电商高速发展,已经成为传统销售商和品牌商的一个重要销售渠道,并渗透到了各行各业。相对传统电商而言,直播电商具有实时互动性、社交购物属性、粉丝经济性以及内容与电商双向导流等特点,也给企业带来了缩短供应链、订单处理规模经济性等显著优势。抖音和快手等直播电商平台、主播/达人、MCN机构、品牌商(包括生产商、批发商、零售商等)、消费者以及政府部门等构成了一个错综复杂的基于竞争与合作关系的直播电商生态系统。该生态系统滋生了很多新的商业模式(如达人播/店播、代购/代售/产地直播、直播拍卖/盲盒直播/户外直播等)以及新的供应链结构,也给相关企业带来了很多新的管理挑战(如吸粉与粉丝变现、主播和品牌商的竞合关系、高退货率等)。本文将在梳理直播电商不同于传统电商管理挑战的基础上,总结已有的直播电商相关研究,重点分析直播电商值得从运营和供应链管理视角关注的潜在研究问题与研究方向。

关键词: 直播电商, 网红经济, 运营与供应链管理, 定价与收益管理

Abstract:

Ever since MOGU, which is an NYSE-listed online shopping platform from China, introduced live-streaming e-commerce in 2016, live-streaming e-commerce has achieved rapid development in recent years. It has become an important sales channel for traditional sellers and brands, and has penetrated into a majority of industries. Compared with traditional e-commerce, live-streaming e-commerce is distinguished by real-time interaction between watchers and streamers, nature of social commerce, economy of fans, and traffic bi-diversion between the content and e-commerce departments of platforms. It also enables supply chain management by shortening the supply chain and scale of economics in order processing and fulfillment. Live-streaming e-commerce platforms such as Tiktok and Kuaishou, live-streamers or key opinion leaders (KOLs), multi-channel network (MCN) institutions, brands (i.e., manufactures, wholesalers, and retailers), consumers, and governmental departments have formed into a complex live-streaming e-commerce ecosystem. The ecosystem contains many new business models (such as brand-based and KOL-based live-streaming, streamer as a selling agent, a purchasing agent, or self-endorsement, live-streaming auction, blind box live-streaming, and outdoors live-streaming) and new supply chain structure; and members of the ecosystem encounter many new management challenges, including the absorbing and monetization of fans, the competitive and cooperative relationship between KOLs and brand providers, and high return rate in live-streaming e-commerce. On the basis of analyzing the challenges of live-streaming e-commerce that are different from traditional e-commerce, a survey towards the existing literaturerelevant is provided to live-streaming e-commerce, and the potential research issues and research directions are pointed that deserve attention from the perspective of operation and supply chain management.

Key words: live-streaming e-commerce, fans economy, operations and supply chain management, pricing and revenue management

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