考虑航班优先级的机场电动摆渡车调度优化研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.1287

Abstract

Abstract:

Electrification of ground service vehicles has emerged as a new trend in airport ground operations. Insufficient number of vehicles and improper scheduling are significant contributors to flight delays. Existing research on the scheduling of airport ground support vehicles predominantly focuses on fuel-powered vehicles. The scheduling problem of airport electric ferry vehicles under the condition of limited vehicle resources is studied. Considering the flight service priorities， a bi-objective mixed-integer programming model with the objective of minimizing the flight delay cost and the vehicle idling time is constructed. To improve the solving efficiency， according to the characteristics of the model， an improved genetic algorithm is integrated within the framework of the boxed line method to solve it. The effectiveness of this algorithm compared with the ε-constraint method and the classical genetic algorithm is validated through a comparative analysis using the actual flight data from a hub airport. A theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the scheduling operations of electric ferry vehicles at airports is provided， holding significant implications for promoting the green transformation of airports， enhancing passenger satisfaction and improving operational efficiency.

Key words: electric ferry vehicle, mixed-integer programming, boxed line method, genetic algorithm

CLC Number:

U492.22

Chenchen Du,Xue Han,Peixin Zhao. Optimization of Airport Electric Ferry Vehicle Scheduling Considering Flight Priorities[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(9): 164-172.

Figures/Tables 6

符号	含义
集合
$R F$	需要摆渡服务的真实航班的集合
$N F$	需要摆渡服务的虚拟航班的集合
$F u$	真实航班 $u$ 对应的虚拟航班的集合， $u ∈ R F$
$N E$	虚拟充电站的集合
$V$	机场的电动摆渡车的集合
参数
$e i$	航班 $i$ 允许的最早服务开始时间， $i ∈ N F$
$l i$	航班 $i$ 允许的最晚服务开始时间， $i ∈ N F$
$π i$	航班 $i$ 的摆渡服务持续时间， $i ∈ N F$
$P$	电动摆渡车的电池容量
$t i j$	若 $i, j ∈ N F$ ， $t i j$ 为电动摆渡车从航班 $i$ 服务结束点到航班 $j$ 开始服务点的行驶时间；若 $i ∈ N \ N F, j ∈ N F$ ， $t i j$ 为摆渡车从点 $i$ 处到航班 $j$ 服务开始点的行驶时间；若 $i ∈ N F, j ∈ N \ N F$ ， $t i j$ 为摆渡车从航班 $i$ 服务结束点到点 $j$ 处的行驶时间；若 $i, j ∈ N \ N F$ ， $t i j$ 为摆渡车从点 $i$ 处到点 $j$ 处的行驶时间
$C u$	真实航班 $u$ 的单位时间延误惩罚， $u ∈ R F$
$p k$	摆渡车 $k$ 的初始电量， $k ∈ V$
$α$	电动摆渡车行驶中的电量消耗速率
$p 0$	电动摆渡车的最低电量阈值
$M$	足够大的正数
决策变量
$x i j k$	$x i j k = 1, 如果摆渡车 k 从 i 处行驶至 j 处 0, 否则,$ $i ∈ N 0, j ∈ N n + 1, i ≠ j, k ∈ V$
$T i$	航班 $i$ 的服务开始时间或在充电站 $i$ 开始充电时间， $i ∈ N E F$
$d u$	真实航班 $u$ 的服务延误时间， $u ∈ R F$
$p i k$	车辆 $k$ 到达 $i$ 处的电量， $i ∈ N, k ∈ V$
$t i k$	车辆 $k$ 在点 $i$ 处充电的充电时间， $k ∈ V, i ∈ N E$
辅助变量
$d p i k$	车辆 $k$ 充电结束离开充电站 $i$ 时的电量， $k ∈ V, i ∈ N E$

References 21

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算例	求解方法	航班延误惩罚		车辆空驶时间		运行时间（s）
算例	求解方法	平均值	最优结果	平均值	最优结果	平均时间	最优时间
算例1	PSO	3802.8	2797.5	3495.4	3485	145	133.5
	IPSO	8096.7	5613.0	3621.4	3553	440.1	434.2
	GA	2181.9	1700.1	3466.1	3434	149.5	130.6
	IGA	1996.4	1593.8	3429	3395	298.4	287.1
算例2	PSO	2938.9	2511.1	3266.6	3240	157.7	132.6
	IPSO	3355.8	3013.6	3375.2	3305	427.6	418.4
	GA	2057.9	1758.4	3194.8	3174	190.6	165.3
	IGA	412.0	321.0	3176.2	3163	345.3	322.9
算例3	PSO	891.8	684.4	2982.7	2960	132.0	124.5
	IPSO	577.4	425.5	2992.3	2933	420.2	415.2
	GA	620.0	395.9	2911.0	2868	159.2	148.3
	IGA	238.1	159.2	2886.6	2869	313.6	300.9

Optimization of Airport Electric Ferry Vehicle Scheduling Considering Flight Priorities

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