Abstract:

In recent years， the emission of greenhouse gases has led to the intensification of global warming， which has brought about serious environmental problems. In order to achieve the goal of emission reduction， countries have adopted a series of policies， such as carbon tax， carbon cap-and-trade and so on， among which the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism is widely used because of its obvious effect of emission reduction. Under the carbon cap-and-trade scheme， enterprises can invest in carbon reduction technologies to reduce the carbon emissions in the production process. However， carbon emission reduction will increase the operating costs of enterprises and directly affect the profits of enterprises. Therefore， under the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism， how to choose the operational strategy of emission reduction and production of supply chain member enterprises has high research value. In addition， downstream enterprises in the supply chain are closer to the market or the final consumer than upstream enterprises， and thus have more demand information. However， the party with the information advantage， in order to maximize its own interests， often will not share the forecast information， and eventually form the situation of information asymmetry.Therefore， the common historical method is adopted as the quota allocation method under the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism. Considering the uncertainty of market capacity in the supply chain composed of manufacturers， retailers and consumers with low carbon preference， two models are constructed respectively according to whether retailers share forecast information with manufacturers. The results show that the information sharing behavior can promote manufacturers to reduce emissions， and the higher the accuracy of prediction information， the more obvious the emission reduction effect； When the emission reduction cost coefficient is small， retailers take the initiative to share information with manufacturers. When the emission reduction cost coefficient is moderate， an information sharing subsidy mechanism can be introduced to encourage retailers to share information. When the emission reduction cost coefficient is large， retailers always do not share information. When the emission reduction cost factor is below （above） the threshold， information sharing behavior will increase （decrease） the expectation of consumer surplus. In the extension part of the model， the combination of datum line method and historical datum line method is considered， and it is found that the conclusions obtained by the historical method are still applicable.Some management insights are offered based on our findings. i） When the emission reduction cost factor is moderate， information sharing will reduce the retailer's own profits. In this case， an information sharing subsidy mechanism should be formed in the supply chain， and the manufacturer should subsidize the retailer's information sharing behavior to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. ii） Supply chain should be driven by big data technology， improve the accuracy of forecast information， promote information sharing， and help achieve the goal of “double carbon”.

Key words: carbon cap-and-trade, information sharing, quota allocation method, emission reduction