Abstract:

As global emergencies continue to increase and intensify， comprehensively improving emergency support capability has become an inevitable requirement for balancing high-quality development and high-level security， and also a prerequisite for bolstering the resilience of China's logistics industry. In practice， in the face of the double changes in the management environment and the technical environment， strengthening the emergency linkage response among the supply chain members and releasing the potential of digital technology empowerment have become two important levers for improving the emergency logistics system. Specifically， based on different leaders in the emergency linkage process， emergency linkage responses can be divided into two types： “LSI-led linkage response” and “LSP-led linkage response”， in which the members complement each other's capabilities， creating a positive external impact on mutual emergency support capabilities， while the core role of digital technology empowerment is reflected in helping supply chain members reduce costs and increase efficiency. To clarify the impact of linkage response and digital technology empowerment on emergency operations decision-making， a logistics service supply chain consisting of a logistics service integrator （LSI） and a logistics service provider （LSP） is constructed， and the optimal emergency operations decision-making results of the Stackelberg game under the background of demand and cost disturbances are explored. It is found that， firstly， the degree of “LSI-led linkage response” and “LSP-led linkage response” in the logistics service supply chain have a positive impact on emergency service pricing， emergency support capability， as well as consumer surplus. Contrary to intuition， if the LSP's price-sharing ratio cannot be set appropriately， increasing the level of linkage response will lead to a loss of profit for LSI or LSP even if the linkage response cost can be controlled at a reasonable level. When the price-sharing ratio of LSP is low， it is crucial to rely on the LSI to spearhead emergency linkage responses， fostering a robust emergency response ecosystem within the logistics service supply chain. Conversely， when the price-sharing ratio is high， the LSP should take a more proactive role in the linkage response process， providing strong support by enhancing the emergency level of the terminal network. Secondly， the level of digital technology empowerment has a positive impact on the optimal decisions and consumer surplus. Its impact on LSI’s profit depends on the investment coefficient of the digital technology empowerment， while its impact on LSP’s profit is related to the consumer’s price sensitivity. Higher price sensitivity motivates LSP to embrace digital technology empowerment to achieve cost reductions and efficiency gains. However， if the consumer price sensitivity coefficient is low， the LSP’s profit actually decreases with the degree of digital technology empowerment. Thirdly， demand disturbance in emergency situations have a positive impact on optimal decisions， profits of members， and consumer surplus， while cost disturbance have a negative impact on optimal decisions， LSI’s profit， and consumer surplus. Interestingly， when the consumer’s price sensitivity is at a lower level， LSP’s profit will increase with the degree of cost disturbance. These conclusions can assist logistics enterprises in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the supply and demand disturbances stemming from emergencies and in formulating appropriate emergency responses that integrate operational management and technological empowerment strategies.

Key words: logistics service supply chain, emergency support capability, linkage response, digital technology