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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 11-20.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.1804

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政府公共数据开放与商业银行普惠贷款——基于商业银行小微企业贷款的实证分析

马玥1, 郭晔2,3()   

  1. 1.广州南方学院会计学院,广东 广州 510970
    2.厦门大学经济学院,福建 厦门 361005
    3.厦门大学大数据金融交叉实验室,福建 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08 修回日期:2025-03-23 出版日期:2026-09-25 发布日期:2026-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 郭晔 E-mail:eyguo@xmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(72573141)

Government Public Data Openness and Commercial Bank Inclusive Loans——Empirical Analysis on Small and Micro Enterprise Loans of Commercial Banks

Yue Ma1, Ye Guo2,3()   

  1. 1.Accounting School,Nanfang College · Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510970,China
    2.School of Economics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China
    3.Laboratory of Digital Finance,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China
  • Received:2024-10-08 Revised:2025-03-23 Online:2026-09-25 Published:2026-09-01
  • Contact: Ye Guo E-mail:eyguo@xmu.edu.cn

摘要:

本文以城市公共数据平台上线作为一项准自然实验,运用多时点DID模型研究公共数据开放对商业银行普惠贷款的影响。研究结果表明:第一,政府公共数据开放使商业银行贷款更加普惠,促使商业银行发放了更多的小微企业贷款。第二,渠道方面,公共数据开放主要通过降低信息不对称程度以及减少服务成本促使银行贷款更加普惠。第三,异质性分析表明,公共数据开放对银行普惠贷款的促进作用在规模较小的银行中更大,在公共数据平台建立前数字化转型程度更低的银行中更大,以及在公共数据平台建立前数字普惠金融发展水平更低的城市银行中更大,这也表明公共数据开放能够在发展普惠金融的进程中降低小型银行被数字边缘化的可能以及部分弥补地区间的数字鸿沟。

关键词: 公共数据开放, 商业银行贷款, 普惠金融

Abstract:

With the construction of Digital China and the development of the digital economy, the value of data elements is gradually gaining attention. Can government public data openness, as a key measure for digital government construction, stimulate data vitality and unleash data dividends in the field of inclusive finance? The launch of urban government public data platforms is taken as a quasi-natural experiment, and a multi time point DID model is used to study the impact of government public data openness on the commercial bank inclusive loans. The research results indicate that: Firstly, the openness of government public data has made the loans of commercial banks more inclusive, prompting commercial banks to issue more loans to small and micro enterprises. Secondly, in terms of channels, government public data openness mainly promotes more inclusive bank loans by reducing information asymmetry and lowering service costs. Thirdly, heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of government public data openness on the commercial bank inclusive loans is greater in smaller banks, greater in banks with lower levels of digital transformation before urban government public data platform establishment, and greater in cities with lower levels of digital inclusive finance development before urban government public data platform establishment. This also indicates that government public data openness can reduce the possibility of small banks being digitally marginalized and partially bridge the digital divide between regions in the process of developing inclusive finance.

Key words: public data openness, commercial bank loans, inclusive finance

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