主管:中国科学院
主办:中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会
   中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院

中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 159-169.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0013cstr: 32146.14.j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0013

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供应链金融动态折扣模式演进过程与最优决策

杨晓叶1, 胡雪芹2(), 宋华3,4   

  1. 1.北京物资学院物流学院,北京 101149
    2.武汉理工大学经济学院,湖北 武汉 430070
    3.中国人民大学商学院,北京 100872
    4.中国供应链战略管理中心,北京 100782
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 修回日期:2023-06-20 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 胡雪芹 E-mail:hxq@whut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    北京社会科学基金项目(24GLC052)

Evolution Process and Optimal Decision of Dynamic Discounting Program in Supply Chain Finance

Xiaoye Yang1, Xueqin Hu2(), Hua Song3,4   

  1. 1.School of Logistics,Beijing Wuzi University,Beijing 101149,China
    2.School of Economics,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China
    3.Business School,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China
    4.Chinese Supply Chain Strategic Management Center,Beijing 100872,China
  • Received:2023-01-03 Revised:2023-06-20 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: Xueqin Hu E-mail:hxq@whut.edu.cn

摘要:

本文通过分析基于业务链、枢纽网、数字生态三个阶段的动态折扣揭示了这种新型的供应链金融模式对于改善多个中小企业资金短缺的影响机理和融资决策差异。研究发现:前两阶段中均衡折扣率比较接近,而数字生态阶段中均衡折扣率则会因营运资金成本与银行融资成本的差异产生拐点;第二,营运资金投入量会影响动态折扣参与者的利润情况,且对枢纽网阶段的影响要高于数字生态阶段;第三,三个阶段中最优还款时刻存在差异,业务链阶段中该值与折扣率和营运资金无关,枢纽网阶段中无最优还款时刻,数字生态阶段中该值与折扣率、资金使用方式都有关;最后,当动态折扣向数字生态阶段演进,该融资模式提供了更加获利的多边关系,融资效率也显著提升。

关键词: 供应链金融, 动态折扣, 演进过程, 营运资金, 数字生态

Abstract:

Supply chain finance can help small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) to improve the shortage of funds. Dynamic discounting(DD) as an innovative model of supply chain finance, can promote the coverage of supply chain funds to more SMEs. DD program refers to a dynamic settlement that utilizes the visibility of the trade process provided by the platform and enables suppliers and buyers to reach an agreement on a fixed daily discount on the nominal invoice value, finally realizing a “customized” application of early payment discounts. Comparing dynamic discounting programs based on business chain, hub network and digital ecology, the influence mechanism of this new supply chain finance model is revealed to improve funds shortage of more than one small and medium-sized enterprises. The main decision parameters in this paper include dynamic discount rate dd, early payment time ep(t), and Working capital liq. There are differences in decision parameters in different stages. The decision parameters in the business chain mode are dd and ep(t), and the decision method is bargaining game; the decision parameter in the hub network mode is dd and liq, and the decision method is expected profit distribution; the decision parameter in the digital ecological mode is dd, ep(t)and liq, the decision method is based on the buyer's benchmark profit, supplier's best profit. It is found that in the first two stages, discount rate are relatively close, while those in digital ecological mode have an inflection point when the buyer’s working capital cost exceeds the bank financing cost. In addition, the amount of working capital will affect participants’ profits, and the impact in hub network mode is higher than in digital ecological mode. Moreover, there are differences in the optimal early payment time among the three stages, in business chain mode the optimal early payment period will not change with the discount rate and working capital, but in digital ecological mode this value is related to both the two parameters, in hub network mode there is no optimal early payment period. Finally, with the dynamic discounting program developing to a higher stage, participants can enjoy a more profitable multi-lateral relationships, and efficiency of the supply chain finance has also been significantly improved.

Key words: supply chain finance, dynamic discounting, evolution process, working capital, digital ecology

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