以零售商-生产商两阶段供应链为研究对象，考虑运输过程，并将碳税内部化在运输成本中，建立包含减排投资在内的碳交易模型，通过对实施碳政策前后模型的比较分析，研究复合碳政策对供应链的影响机理。研究表明：在零售商运输与成本比小于一常数的约束下，碳税通过提高能源价格进而减少运输中碳排放；在碳配额的严格限制下，减排投资下的碳交易政策可以使得生产商成本和碳排放实现双重优化；生产商通过承担部分比例的运输费用实现上下游企业决策的统一，复合碳政策可以有效地降低生产商协调成本。最后通过算例进一步对模型进行了验证和分析。
Based on two-stage supply chain system for retailer-and-manufacturer, considering transportation process of including carbon tax cost, a carbon trading model that take into account investment for reducing emission is established in the paper, and model under carbon policy is compared to that under no policy. By this, the influence mechanism of carbon policies on supply chain is studied. The results show:under the constraint of the ratio of transportation and cost for retailer, carbon tax raises the price of energy and reduces emissions; under the constraint of the strict cap, carbon trading policy including investment for emissions reduction can realize the dual optimization of the manufacturer cost and emissions; manufacturer taking the partial transportation can achieve the coordination of supply chain, and the multiple carbon policies can reduce coordination cost. Finally, the models are verified and analyzed by a numerical example.
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