主管:中国科学院
主办:中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会
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跨境电商供应链物流增值服务的优化决策

牟进进1,王淑云2   

  1. 1. 韩国仁荷大学校FTA研究院
    2. 烟台大学
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-11 修回日期:2022-09-27 发布日期:2022-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 王淑云

Optimization of Logistics Value-added Service for Cross-border E-commerce Supply Chain

1,   

  • Received:2022-04-11 Revised:2022-09-27 Published:2022-10-17

摘要: 随着消费者消费水平的提升以及消费升级的发展,消费者的时尚品消费已由价格导向转向服务导向。跨境进口电商物流运作中,一体化海外仓物流提供商能够提供增值服务,往往影响着顾客的消费需求。我们把承诺的顾客订货周期时间执行率、防伪追溯率和定制化服务满足率的乘积定义为物流增值服务水平。为了更好地满足顾客需求,越来越多的跨境电商将物流外包给一体化海外仓物流提供商。本文以一个跨境进口电商和一个一体化海外仓物流提供商组成的跨境电商供应链为研究对象,将需求视为时尚品定价、物流增值服务水平和随机因素影响的函数,对跨境电商供应链的物流增值服务水平和时尚品定价的优化决策进行了研究。研究发现,合作博弈下,物流增值服务水平远高于非合作博弈;时尚品定价低于非合作博弈,进而使得跨境电商交易规模高于非合作博弈。灵敏度分析发现,物流增值服务水平敏感因子的增加、服务水平成本敏感因子的降低,以及价格敏感因子的降低,均会对物流增值服务水平和系统利润产生有利影响,且合作博弈的成效更为突出。研究还发现,当物流增值服务水平敏感因子 或者时尚品价格敏感因子 时,合作博弈下跨境电商供应链无需协调优化就可以实现跨境进口电商和一体化物流提供商的合作双赢。其它情况下,为了实现供应链成员的合作共赢,利润共享契约的灵敏度分析发现,物流提供商提高顾客的服务敏感因子和降低服务水平成本敏感因子、降低顾客的价格敏感因子,均能促进双方利润的提升。本研究的管理启示在于,跨境电商企业专注于推介与销售质地好、设计时尚、款式新颖的时尚品,引领消费需求,物流企业专注于提升增值服务水平、降低服务水平成本,以二者的一体化合作降低消费者对价格系数的敏感度、提升消费者对增值服务水平的敏感度,在一定条件下就可以自动实现合作双赢。

关键词: 跨境电商, 时尚品, 海外仓物流, 物流增值服务水平, 利润共享机制

Abstract: With the development of consumption upgrading, consumers' consumption of fashion goods has changed from price orientation (cost orientation) to service / quality orientation. In the cross-border import e-commerce logistics operation, the integrated overseas warehouse logistics provider can provide value-added services, which often affects the consumer demand of customers. We define the product of the promised customer order cycle time execution rate, anti-counterfeiting traceability rate and customized service satisfaction rate as the logistics value-added service level. In order to better meet the needs of customers, more and more cross-border e-commerce outsourcing logistics to integrated overseas warehouse logistics providers. Taking the cross-border e-commerce supply chain composed of a cross-border import e-commerce and an integrated overseas warehouse logistics provider as the research object, this paper regards consumer demand as a function of fashion goods pricing, value-added logistics service level and random factors, and studies the optimization decision of logistics value-added service level and fashion goods pricing of cross-border e-commerce supply chain. It is found that the level of logistics value-added service in cooperative game is much higher than that in non cooperative game; the pricing of fashion products is lower than that of non cooperative game, which makes the scale of cross-border e-commerce transactions higher than that of non cooperative game. Sensitivity analysis found that the increase of logistics value-added service coefficient, the decrease of cost coefficient of value-added service level and the decrease of price coefficient of fashion goods will have a beneficial impact on logistics value-added service level and system profit, and the performance of cooperative game is more prominent than non cooperative game. A very important finding is that when the logistics value-added service coefficient is or the price coefficient is , the cross-border e-commerce supply chain under the cooperative game can realize the win-win cooperation between the two parties with no coordination contract. In other cases, in order to coordinate the supply chain, the sensitivity analysis of cooperative game supply chain profit sharing contract shows that logistics providers can improve the profits of both parties by improving service level sensitivity factor, reducing service level cost sensitivity factor and reducing price sensitivity factor. For cross-border e-commerce retailer, the biggest benefit is from the decline of price coefficient. The management enlightenment of this study is that cross-border e-commerce retailers should focus on promoting and selling fashion products with good quality, fashionable design and novel styles to lead consumer demand. Logistics providers focus on improving the level of value-added services and reducing the cost of service level. With the integrated cooperation of the two parties, reducing consumers' sensitivity to the price coefficient and improving consumers' sensitivity to the level of value-added services can automatically achieve a win-win cooperation.

Key words: cross-border e-commerce, fashion products, overseas warehouse logistics, logistics value-added service level, profit sharing mechanism