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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 82-94.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.2072

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随机环境下房地产企业的多周期投资与定价联合决策

蒋超1, 张田园2, 夏晓华2()   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南 长沙 410114
    2.中国人民大学应用经济学院,北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-08 修回日期:2024-04-29 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 夏晓华 E-mail:xia.email@ruc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72273143)

Multi Cycle Investment and Pricing Joint Decision-making of Real Estate Enterprises in A Stochastic Environment

Chao Jiang1, Tianyuan Zhang2, Xiaohua Xia2()   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China
    2.School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China
  • Received:2023-12-08 Revised:2024-04-29 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-29
  • Contact: Xiaohua Xia E-mail:xia.email@ruc.edu.cn

摘要:

在全球产业链供应链的大背景下,考虑投入品(如钢材、水泥等)价格、工资成本(包括建设过程中的管理费用和人工成本)、融资成本(如利息率)和需求等多重随机因素,进而构建房地产企业的多周期投资和定价联合决策模型。利用随机过程刻画投入品价格、工资成本和融资成本的波动性,将三者纳入带有随机需求的决策模型中,并给出风险性和可靠性的评估机制。研究结论表明:第一,当投入品价格、工资成本和融资成本波动的交互效应具有下降趋势时,企业应增加投资量来获得更大的期望利润;当三者为不可约遍历马氏链时,模型的下行风险具有良好的稳定性;决策者可通过上穿评估机制预测未来周期内的成本涨幅趋势,以选择最佳的供应商,规避运营风险。第二,分析国际要素市场价格的波动对企业利润的影响和政策不确定性对企业成本和最优策略的影响,得出:二者的波动风险性越大,成本越高;决策者可根据国际投入品市场和融资政策波动的统计规律性,挖掘企业长期运营面临的风险,为其长期决策提供坚实的理论支撑。第三,采用柔性决策的关键假说,房地产企业在受约束的资金流动下,动态选择每期供应商,当每个供应商投入品报价的内部波动越大,企业所获得的期望利润越大,这反映了柔性决策中不确定性的价值。

关键词: 多重随机因素, 房地产企业决策, 柔性决策, 风险评估机制

Abstract:

In the context of global industrial and supply chains, multiple stochastic factors such as input prices (such as steel, cement, etc.), wage costs (including management and labor costs during the construction process), financing costs (such as interest rates), and demand are considered to construct a multi cycle investment and pricing joint decision-making model for real estate enterprises. Using stochastic processes to characterize the volatility of input prices, wage costs, and financing costs, incorporating them into a decision model with stochastic demand, and providing an evaluation mechanism for risk and reliability. The research conclusion indicates that, firstly, when the interactive effect of fluctuations in input prices, wage costs, and financing costs shows a downward trend, enterprises should increase their investment to obtain greater expected profits; When the three are irreducible traversal Markov chains, the downward risk of the model has good stability; Decision makers can predict the trend of cost increases in the future cycle through the wear and tear evaluation mechanism, in order to select the best supplier and avoid operational risks. Secondly, analyzing the impact of fluctuations in international factor market prices on corporate profits and the impact of policy uncertainty on corporate costs and optimal strategies, it can be concluded that the greater the volatility risk of both, the higher the cost; Decision makers can explore the long-term operational risks faced by enterprises based on the statistical regularity of international input markets and financing policy fluctuations, in order to provide solid theoretical support for their long-term decision-making. Thirdly, adopting the key hypothesis of flexible decision-making, real estate enterprises dynamically select suppliers for each period under constrained cash flow. The greater the internal fluctuation of each supplier's input quotation, the greater the expected profit the enterprise can obtain, reflecting the value of uncertainty in flexible decision-making.

Key words: multiple random factors, real estate enterprise decision-making, flexible decision-making, risk assessment mechanism

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