中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 150-162.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.0424
• • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2022-03-02
修回日期:
2022-09-16
出版日期:
2025-05-25
发布日期:
2025-06-04
通讯作者:
赵妍
E-mail:yanatbjtu@sina.com
基金资助:
Libin Zhao1, Jialan Huang2, Yan Zhao3(), Xiangfei Fu4
Received:
2022-03-02
Revised:
2022-09-16
Online:
2025-05-25
Published:
2025-06-04
Contact:
Yan Zhao
E-mail:yanatbjtu@sina.com
摘要:
现有文献对文本信息含量的研究对象集中在年报、业绩说明会、新闻媒体报告和社交网络等文本中,并购重组报告书尚未得到关注。本文以2008-2019年发生重大资产重组事件的沪深A股上市公司为样本,实证考察并购重组报告书文本语调信息含量和信息可靠性。研究结果表明,并购重组报告书文本净正面语调信息与市场短期累计超额收益有显著的正相关关系。机制检验发现并购重组报告书文本净正面语调信息主要是通过吸引投资者关注影响短期累计超额收益,具体为并购重组报告书文本净正面语调会引起投资者的超常搜索量增加,且文本复杂度越低时,文本净正面语调信息与市场短期累计超额收益正向关系越显著。进一步研究发现,并购重组报告书中“积极”的语调信息并不可靠,净正面语调越多的公司,后期商誉减值越多,验证发现管理层会在“股价操纵动机”下进行正向语调管理,误导投资者,但最终这种扭曲的信息会被商誉减值“揭露”。
中图分类号:
赵立彬, 黄家澜, 赵妍, 傅祥斐. 并购重组报告书文本语调的信息传递效应研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2025, 33(5): 150-162.
Libin Zhao, Jialan Huang, Yan Zhao, Xiangfei Fu. Study on the Information Transmission Effect of the Text Tone of M&As Announcement Reports[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2025, 33(5): 150-162.
表1
变量定义"
变量 | 变量名称 | 变量符号 | 变量定义 |
---|---|---|---|
解释变量 | 净正面语调 | Tone | 并购重组报告书中的(正面词语数-负面词语数)/(正面词语数+负面词语数) |
被解释变量 | 市场反应 | CAR | 并购重组报告书发布日[0,1]、[0,2]和[0,3]窗口期的累计超额收益 |
商誉减值 | GI | 该项并购后续商誉减值金额(单位,亿元) | |
LnGI | Ln(1+该项并购后续商誉减值金额) | ||
控制变量 | 公司规模 | Size | ln(1+期末总资产) |
净利润增长率 | Growth | (本年净利润-上年净利润)/上年净利润 | |
资产收益率 | ROA | 税后净利润/期末资产总额 | |
资产负债率 | Lev | 期末负债总额/期末资产总额 | |
账面市值比 | BM | 期末净资产/市值 | |
多元化并购 | Diver | 多元化并购取1,否则取0 | |
两职合一 | Dual | 若董事长和总经理是两职合一,取值为1,否则为0 | |
股权集中度 | Shrhfd5 | 前五大股东持股比例的平方和 | |
年度固定效应 | Year | 以2008年为基准年,设置了11个年份虚拟变量 | |
行业固定效应 | Ind | 按证监会上市公司行业分类指引分类,制造业按二级代码分类,其余按一级代码分类,剔除金融业后,共分为21个行业分组,20个行业虚拟变量 |
表2
描述性统计"
变量 | 样本量 | 均值 | 中位数 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | P25 | P75 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tone | 1261 | 0.535 | 0.575 | 0.186 | -0.103 | 0.932 | 0.484 | 0.649 |
CAR[0,1] | 1261 | 0.054 | 0.067 | 0.135 | -0.226 | 0.266 | -0.043 | 0.183 |
CAR[0,2] | 1261 | 0.071 | 0.067 | 0.183 | -0.330 | 0.381 | -0.053 | 0.256 |
CAR[0,3] | 1261 | 0.081 | 0.054 | 0.220 | -0.413 | 0.496 | -0.065 | 0.271 |
GI | 1261 | 0.974 | 0 | 2.916 | 0 | 17.640 | 0 | 0 |
LnGI | 1261 | 0.287 | 0 | 0.685 | 0 | 2.925 | 0 | 0 |
ROA | 1261 | 0.022 | 0.021 | 0.073 | -0.283 | 0.302 | -0.004 | 0.056 |
Size | 1261 | 21.65 | 21.45 | 1.282 | 18.85 | 25.53 | 20.75 | 22.35 |
Lev | 1261 | 0.438 | 0.414 | 0.231 | 0.036 | 1.163 | 0.26 | 0.597 |
Growth | 1261 | 0.24 | 0.097 | 0.761 | -0.698 | 6.261 | -0.059 | 0.299 |
BM | 1261 | 0.43 | 0.388 | 0.238 | 0.05 | 1.046 | 0.245 | 0.579 |
Diver | 1261 | 0.178 | 0 | 0.382 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Dual | 1261 | 0.287 | 0 | 0.453 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Shrhfd5 | 1261 | 0.147 | 0.118 | 0.110 | 0.003 | 0.766 | 0.066 | 0.199 |
表4
并购重组报告书文本语调信息与累计超额收益"
变量 | CAR[0,1] | CAR[0,2] | CAR[0,3] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
Tone | 0.063*** | 0.051*** | 0.092*** | 0.077*** | 0.105*** | 0.087*** |
(3.35) | (2.76) | (3.70) | (3.15) | (3.61) | (3.03) | |
ROA | 0.042 | 0.032 | 0.007 | |||
(0.69) | (0.40) | (0.07) | ||||
Size | -0.026*** | -0.036*** | -0.042*** | |||
(-5.60) | (-5.85) | (-5.72) | ||||
Lev | -0.008 | -0.013 | -0.028 | |||
(-0.40) | (-0.50) | (-0.84) | ||||
Growth | -0.010* | -0.010 | -0.012 | |||
(-1.77) | (-1.37) | (-1.35) | ||||
BM | 0.120*** | 0.171*** | 0.206*** | |||
(4.67) | (4.94) | (4.97) | ||||
Diver | 0.012 | 0.010 | 0.013 | |||
(1.39) | (0.84) | (0.90) | ||||
Constant | -0.038 | 0.496*** | -0.034 | 0.706*** | -0.118 | 0.751*** |
(-0.41) | (3.85) | (-0.25) | (3.91) | (-0.91) | (3.84) | |
Year/Ind | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations | 1261 | 1261 | 1261 | 1261 | 1261 | 1261 |
Adj.R2 | 0.125 | 0.151 | 0.133 | 0.160 | 0.133 | 0.160 |
表5
并购重组报告书文本语调信息、投资者关注和累计超额收益"
变量 | CAR[0,1] | ASVI | CAR[0,1] | CAR[0,2] | ASVI | CAR[0,2] | CAR[0,3] | ASVI | CAR[0,3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | |
Tone | 0.051*** | 0.441*** | 0.011 | 0.077*** | 0.441*** | 0.025 | 0.087*** | 0.441*** | 0.025 |
(2.76) | (5.72) | (0.58) | (3.15) | (5.72) | (0.94) | (3.03) | (5.72) | (0.80) | |
ASVI | 0.087*** | 0.117*** | 0.142*** | ||||||
(9.52) | (9.22) | (9.19) | |||||||
Controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Constant | 0.496*** | 2.057*** | 0.213* | 0.706*** | 2.057*** | 0.346** | 0.751*** | 2.057*** | 0.402** |
(3.85) | (5.54) | (1.94) | (3.91) | (5.54) | (2.35) | (3.84) | (5.54) | (2.30) | |
Year/Ind | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations | 1261 | 1148 | 1148 | 1261 | 1148 | 1148 | 1261 | 1148 | 1148 |
Adj.R2 | 0.151 | 0.440 | 0.215 | 0.160 | 0.440 | 0.218 | 0.160 | 0.440 | 0.220 |
表10
异质性检验"
变量 | 合法合规 | 信息与沟通 | 合法合规 | 信息与沟通 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
高 | 低 | 高 | 低 | 高 | 低 | 高 | 低 | |
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
Panel A:净正面语调与累计超额收益异质性检验 | Panel B:净正面语调与商誉减值异质性检验 | |||||||
Tone | 0.049** | 0.055 | 0.025 | 0.092*** | 0.736** | 2.283** | 0.495 | 1.814*** |
(2.28) | (1.47) | (0.96) | (3.55) | (2.00) | (2.03) | (0.76) | (3.73) | |
Controls | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Constant | 0.483*** | 0.280 | 0.639*** | 0.285* | 1.383 | 0.545 | 2.360 | -0.723 |
(3.35) | (1.35) | (4.16) | (1.87) | (1.04) | (0.17) | (1.27) | (-0.41) | |
Year/Ind | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Observations | 931 | 330 | 725 | 536 | 931 | 330 | 725 | 536 |
Adj.R2 | 0.152 | 0.129 | 0.151 | 0.145 | 0.063 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.078 |
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