关键词: 跨境供应链；关税；制造商竞争；零售商主导；双渠道

Abstract: With the advancement of economic globalization and the continuous improvement of transnational logistics and payment technologies, China’s transnational trade has ushered in a golden period of rapid development. However, due to the growing trade conflict between China and the United States, high tariffs have led to a significant increase in the cost of product transactions, and China’s cross-border supply chain development is facing severe challenges. Thus, the optimal pricing and equilibrium decision-making of cross-border supply chains under tariff changes needs to be resolved. In this paper, a multinational supply chain game model consisting of a domestic manufacturer, a multinational manufacturer and a domestic retailer is constructed, in which the retailer is the leader of Stackelberg. By introducing tariffs, international transportation costs and other factors, the impact of tariff changes on the pricing of multinational supply chain products and the profit of each member is explored. The results show that: As offline channel trade tariff increases, the wholesale price of domestic manufacturer's product A will increase, while the direct selling price of product A and the wholesale price of overseas manufacturer's product B will decrease, and the impact of tariff changes on retailer pricing decisions is related to consumer price sensitivity coefficient. The increase in domestic tariffs will increase the profit of domestic manufacturers and reduce the profits of overseas manufacturers. The change in retailer profits is also affected by the consumer price sensitivity factor: only when the consumer price sensitivity coefficient is large, the tariff increase of domestic products can improve retailer’s profits. Besides, with the increase of international transportation costs, the wholesale prices of products A and B will decrease, the retail prices of products A and B will increase, and the profits of members in the supply chain will decrease. Theoretical system of the global supply channel supply chain further and these conclusions provide a basis for decision making for corporate decision-making in global supply chain members.

Key words: global supply chain; tariff; manufacturer competition; retailer-dominated; dual-channel