考虑履单地点选择及渠道资源共享的全渠道零售商定价和履单联合优化问题研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2024.1365

Abstract

Abstract:

The omni-channel retail model reconstructs the way in which the traditional retail industry creates value online or offline. With the implementation of this model， a large number of retailers blindly imitate the business model and make separate decisions on online and offline channel pricing and fulfillment optimization， which makes it difficult for online and offline channels to exert complementary advantages. Therefore， in view of the actual situation that omni-channel retailers can choose fulfillment centers and physical stores to circulate and process goods in multi-period and multi-region， and in order to improve the utilization efficiency of online and offline channel resources， the joint optimization problem of pricing and fulfillment decision is studied considering fulfillment location selection and resource sharing among channels. Among them， the fulfillment decision includes fulfillment location selection decision， inventory decision and transportation decision. Focusing on research problem， a mixed integer nonlinear programming model for joint optimization of pricing and fulfillment decision of omni-channel retailers is established with the goal of maximizing the total profit of omni-channel retailers. Based on this model， an optimization model considering resources sharing among online and offline channels is established to further explore how to rationally allocate the resources of each channel. Then， a co-evolutionary algorithm is proposed to solve the model. Finally， the effectiveness of the co-evolutionary algorithm is verified by numerical experiments. The results show that： there is a correlation between pricing decision and fulfillment decision， and considering the fulfillment location selection in fulfillment decision can significantly improve the total profit of the omni-channel retailers； fully sharing and integrating resources among online and offline channels enables omni-channel retailers to make decisions that reduce fulfillment costs， thereby increasing the total profit of the omni-channel retail network， and the larger the network size， the more obvious the increase in the total profit of omni-channel retailers.

Key words: joint pricing and fulfillment optimization, fulfillment location selection, resources sharing among channels, omni-channel retail, co-evolutionary algorithm

CLC Number:

F272

Bilin Zou,Xiaohui Lyu,Xiaohong Zhang. Joint Pricing and Fulfillment Optimization for Omni-channel Retailers Considering Fulfillment Location Selection and Resources Sharing among Channels[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(4): 178-191.

Figures/Tables 8

符号	说明
输入参数
$Z$	全渠道零售涉及的区域集合
$z$	代表某个零售区域， $z ∈ Z$
$T$	销售周期数量
$t$	某个销售周期，数值越小则时间越靠前， $t ∈ T$
$d t$	周期t的时间长度
$h z$	区域z单位重量商品的库存持有成本
$α$	使用单辆卡车的固定成本
$γ$	实体店处理单位商品的流通加工成本
$p$	实体店处理单位商品的流通加工时间
$θ$	单位商品送货上门的服务成本
$β$	单位商品的缺货成本
$w$	单位商品的重量
$w'$	单辆卡车的载重量
$x f$	履单中心所能容纳的最大库存重量
$x b$	实体店所能容纳的最大库存重量
$n z t$	在周期t时，区域z的市场规模
决策变量
$P z s t$	区域z在周期t时，线下渠道的定价
$P z o t$	区域z在周期t时，线上渠道的定价
$D b z t P z t$	区域z在周期t时线下渠道的需求函数，代表该区域在该时期的线下需求量
$D e z t P z t$	区域z在周期t时线上渠道的需求函数，代表该区域在该时期的线上需求量
$n z s t$	在周期t时，对于区域z的线下顾客，零售商实际满足的需求量
$n z o t$	在周期t时，对于区域z的线上顾客，零售商实际满足的需求量
$n r z v t$	在周期t时，由区域z与区域v履单中心之间转运商品的数量,z≠v,若商品为区域z运到区域v的履单中心，则该值为正，否则为负
$q f z t$	在周期t时，针对线下需求，区域z履单中心需要流通加工并运输到实体店的商品数量
$q c z t$	对考虑渠道资源共享的情形，在周期t时，区域z由实体店加工并用于满足线上需求的商品数量
$X f z t$	在周期t末，区域z履单中心剩余商品库存的重量
$X b z t$	在周期t末，区域z实体店剩余商品库存的重量

参数	$P z s t$ /元	$P z o t$ /元	$β$ /元	$θ$ /元	$p$ /分钟	$d t$ /分钟	$γ$ /元	$w$ /千克	$w'$ /千克	$h z$ /元
数值	$U 90,105$	$U 100,120$	10	3	1	100	0.5	12	300	$U 1,2$

References 37

[1]	Bell D R， Gallino S， Moreno A. How to win in an omnichannel world［J］. MIT Sloan Management Review， 2014， 56（1）： 45-53.
[2]	Pichka K， Alwan L C， Yue X. Fulfillment and pricing optimization for omni-channel retailers considering shipment of in-store demand［J］. Transportation Research Part E： Logistics and Transportation Review， 2022， 167： 102912.
[3]	Wu X， Chen Z L. Fulfillment scheduling for buy-online-pickup-in-store orders［J］. Production and Operations Management， 2022， 31（7）： 2982-3003.
[4]	Ram B， Lai K K， Xiao F. Retail reimagined： Pricing optimization in single channel， multi-channel and omni-channel retailing［J/OL］. Annals of Operations Research， 2024..
[5]	李宗活，杨文胜，刘晓红，等. 全渠道零售企业在线投放优惠券的渠道整合策略［J］. 系统工程理论与实践， 2020， 40（3）： 630-640.
	Li Z H， Yang W S， Liu X H， et al. Channel integration strategy for omnichannel retail enterprise with online coupon［J］. Systems Engineering —Theory & Practice， 2020， 40（3）： 630-640.
[6]	Saboori G， Nasiri G R， Salehi H. Optimal product pricing and lot sizing decisions for an omni-channel supply chain［J］. Engineering Optimization， 2025， 57（9）： 2349-2382.
[7]	刘健，张珣，陈杰，等. 全渠道零售商退货方式和定价研究［J］. 中国管理科学， 2022， 30（4）： 252-263.
	Liu J， Zhang X， Chen J， et al. Research on return modes and pricing for omnichannel retailers［J］. Chinese Journal of Management Science， 2022， 30（4）： 252-263.
[8]	刘金荣，徐琪，陈啟. 考虑网络退货和渠道成本时全渠道BOPS定价与服务决策［J］. 中国管理科学， 2019， 27（9）： 56-67.
	Liu J R， Xu Q， Chen Q. Pricing and service decision of omni-channel BOPS： Considering online return and channel cost［J］. Chinese Journal of Management Science， 2019， 27（9）： 56-67.
[9]	郑夏冰，徐航，李雪，等. 全渠道服务商在线上自助服务技术背景下的定价策略研究［J］. 运筹与管理， 2022， 31（7）： 179-185+206.
	Zheng X B， Xu H， Li X， et al. Research on pricing strategies of omni-channel service providers under the background of online self-service technology［J］. Operations Research and Management Science， 2022， 31（7）： 179-185+206.
[10]	戴宾，王璇，徐思婕，等.线下门店视角下质量差异化竞争的社区电商引入及定价策略研究［J］.管理学报，2025，22（10）：1920-1928.
	Dai B， Wang X， Xu S J， et al. Introduction and pricing strategies of community E-commerce under quality-differentiated competition from the perspective of offline store［J］. Chinese Journal of Management，2025，22（10）：1920-1928.
[11]	Wu J， Zhao C， Yan X， et al. An integrated randomized pricing strategy for omni-channel retailing［J］. International Journal of Electronic Commerce， 2020， 24（3）： 391-418.
[12]	纪雅杰，马德青，胡劲松. 供应商管理库存下基于消费者行为偏好的全渠道运营策略［J］. 中国管理科学， 2021， 29（1）： 82-96.
	Ji Y J， Ma D Q， Hu J S. Omni—Channel operation strategy based on consumer behavior preference under vendor managed inventory［J］. Chinese Journal of Management Science， 2021， 29（1）： 82-96.
[13]	刘健，印蓉蓉，陈杰，等. 基于顾客渠道偏好的全渠道零售商库存研究［J］. 中国管理科学， 2023， 31（11）： 184-194.
	Liu J， Yin R R， Chen J， et al. Inventory research for omni-channel retailers based on customer channel preference［J］. Chinese Journal of Management Science， 2023， 31（11）： 184-194.
[14]	Liu Y， Yan B， Fan J. Inventory strategy of fresh products for omni-channel supply chains［J］. Journal of the Operational Research Society， 2024， 75（4）： 673-688.
[15]	Pan J， Lu C J， Chen W J， et al. A study on the production-inventory problem with omni-channel and advance sales based on the brand owner’s perspective［J］. Mathematics， 2024， 12（19）： 3122-3145.
[16]	李建斌，汪鹏程，罗晓萌. 双寡头垄断下全渠道竞争优化策略［J］. 运筹与管理， 2021， 30（7）： 1-8.
	Li J B， Wang P C， Luo X M. The omnichannel competitive optimization strategy under duopoly［J］. Operations Research and Management Science， 2021， 30（7）： 1-8.
[17]	Gabor A F， van Ommeren J K， Sleptchenko A. An inventory model with discounts for omnichannel retailers of slow moving items［J］. European Journal of Operational Research， 2022， 300（1）： 58-72.
[18]	Li C， Shi X. Optimisation of a multilevel logistics network for prepositioned warehouses under an omni-channel retail model［J］. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications， 2024， 11（1）： 1-14.
[19]	黎继子，张念，刘春玲. 基于全渠道设计的众包供应链订单生产决策优化［J］. 计算机集成制造系统， 2019， 25（5）： 1248-1258.
	Li J Z， Zhang N， Liu C L. Optimization of order-driven production decision making in crowdsourcing supply chain with omnichannel design［J］. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems， 2019， 25（5）： 1248-1258.
[20]	Berling P， Johansson L， Marklund J. Controlling inventories in omni/multi-channel distribution systems with variable customer order-sizes［J］. Omega， 2023， 114（C）： 102745.
[21]	Schubert D， Kuhn H， Holzapfel A. Same-day deliveries in omnichannel retail： Integrated order picking and vehicle routing with vehicle-site dependencies［J］. Naval Research Logistics （NRL）， 2021， 68（6）： 721-744.
[22]	Guerrero-Lorente J， Gabor A F， Ponce-Cueto E. Omnichannel logistics network design with integrated customer preference for deliveries and returns［J］. Computers & Industrial Engineering， 2020， 144： 106433.
[23]	Guan Z， Mou Y， Sun M. Hybrid robust and stochastic optimization for a capital-constrained fresh product supply chain integrating risk-aversion behavior and financial strategies［J］. Computers & Industrial Engineering， 2022， 169： 108224.
[24]	Bayliss C， do C Martins L， Juan A A. A two-phase local search with a discrete-event heuristic for the omnichannel vehicle routing problem［J］. Computers & Industrial Engineering， 2020， 148： 106695.
[25]	Mou S. In-store order fulfilment in omni-channel supermarkets with heterogeneous workforce： A bi-objective optimisation approach［J］. Computers & Industrial Engineering， 2022， 171： 108516.
[26]	Liu S， Wang J， Wang R， et al. Data-driven dynamic pricing and inventory management of an omni-channel retailer in an uncertain demand environment［J］. Expert Systems with Applications， 2024， 244： 122948.
[27]	Paul J， Agatz N， Spliet R， et al. Shared Capacity Routing Problem - An omni-channel retail study［J］. European Journal of Operational Research， 2019， 273（2）： 731-739.
[28]	Lin Y H， Wang Y， Lee L H， et al. Omnichannel facility location and fulfillment optimization［J］. Transportation Research Part B： Methodological， 2022， 163： 187-209.
[29]	Hense J， Hübner A. Assortment optimization in omni-channel retailing［J］. European Journal of Operational Research， 2022， 301（1）： 124-140.
[30]	Zhou Y W， Zhang X， Zhong Y， et al. Dynamic pricing and cross-channel fulfillment for omnichannel retailing industry： An approximation policy and implications［J］. Transportation Research Part E： Logistics and Transportation Review， 2021， 156： 102524.
[31]	Shao S， Lai K K， Ge B. A multi-period inventory routing problem with procurement decisions： A case in China［J］. Annals of Operations Research， 2023， 324（1）： 1527-1555.
[32]	杨华龙，石兴江，辛禹辰. 全渠道电商库存路径及定价问题优化研究［J］. 交通运输系统工程与信息， 2024， 24（4）： 223-230.
	Yang H L， Shi X J， Xin Y C. Optimization of inventory routing and pricing problem for omnichannel E-commerce［J］. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology， 2024， 24（4）： 223-230.
[33]	Gallino S， Moreno A. Integration of online and offline channels in retail： The impact of sharing reliable inventory availability information［J］. Management Science， 2014， 60（6）： 1434-1451.
[34]	Zhang S， Zhu H， Li X， et al. Omni-channel product distribution network design by using the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm［J］. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society， 2019， 2019（1）： 1520213.
[35]	薛红，张鹏，李伟男，等. 全渠道消费者行为协同决策研究［J］.计算机工程与科学，2017， 39（8）： 1570-1575.
	Xue H， Zhang P， Li W N， et al. Collaborative decision making of omni-channel consumer behavior［J］. Computer Engineering and Science， 2017， 39（8）： 1570-1575.
[36]	Raa B， Dullaert W. Route and fleet design for cyclic inventory routing［J］. European Journal of Operational Research， 2017， 256（2）： 404-411.
[37]	Abdulkader M M S， Gajpal Y， ElMekkawy T Y. Vehicle routing problem in omni-channel retailing distribution systems［J］. International Journal of Production Economics， 2018， 196： 43-55.

Joint Pricing and Fulfillment Optimization for Omni-channel Retailers Considering Fulfillment Location Selection and Resources Sharing among Channels

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 37

Related Articles 1

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0