分级负责视角下政企合作应急物资储备策略研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.0423

Abstract

Abstract:

At present， China has formed an pattern of emergency reserves with vertical linkage of governments at all levels and horizontal support of government-enterprise coordination. In the 2019 COVID-19 epidemic， the emergency supplies reserve system of China has exposed many problems. From the perspective of the government， there are limited incentives for the central government’s support measures to incentive local governments. From the perspective of government-enterprise cooperation， social reserves have not yet been widely used， and companies do not have sufficient motivation to reach a reserve agreement with the government. In order to improve the emergency supply and reserve system， the theory of evolution of the evolution is applied， and a three-party evolution game model composed of the central government， local governments， and reserve enterprises is built. Based on the payment function of each participant， the dynamic equation of each subject was determined， and the local balance points and evolutionary stability strategies of each subject in the evolutionary process are calculated， and the conditions for the implementation of each evolutionary stability strategy are determined. Through numerical simulation， the effects of the model's main influencing factors on the decision-making of emergency reserve participants. The results show that increasing the agreed reserve fee is conducive to enterprises participation in emergency supplies reserve， but it is not conducive to the long-term preservation of local governments； the central government’s special funding for disaster relief has limited impact on enhancing the willingness of government and enterprises to cooperate and reserve； in the construction of the central emergency reserve， the different levels of local government agent construction cost ratios will have a significant impact on the evolution path of local governments； there is no difference in the strategic choices of local governments under different government-enterprise subsidy sharing ratios， but it will have a positive incentive effect for enterprises to participate in reserves. In the future， it is necessary to reasonably determine the reserve cost of emergency supplies agreement， change the implementation thinking of emergency management， innovate the emergency reserve investment model， increase the distribution of central subsidies to enterprises， further improve the emergency material reserve system to realize the modernization of emergency management capabilities.

Key words: emergency supplies reserve, hierarchical responsibility, reserve enterprise, three-party evolutionary game

CLC Number:

F251

Jihai Zhang,Qichang Guo,Xu Jiang, et al. Research on Emergency Supplies Reserve Strategy of Government-enterprise Cooperation from the Perspective of Hierarchical Responsibility[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2025, 33(7): 232-242.

Figures/Tables 12

符号	含义	取值范围	符号	含义	取值范围
$x$	中央政府选择主动支持策略概率	$x > 0$	$C 21$	地方政府储备成本	$C 21 > 0$
$y$	地方政府选择储备策略概率	$y > 0$	$C 22$	替代储备成本	$0 < C 22 < C 21$
$z$	储备企业选择参与策略概率	$z > 0$	$C 3$	企业应急物资储备成本	$C 3 > 0$
$π 11$	主动支持策略下中央政府财政收入	$π 11 > 0$	$α$	代建费用占主动支持策略成本的比例	$0 < α < 1$
$π 12$	非主动支持策略下中央政府财政收入	$0 < π 11 < π 12$	$β$	储备企业获得中央政府救灾专项拨款的比例	$0 < β < 1$
$π 21$	储备策略下地方政府财政收入	$π 21 > 0$	$Q L$	地方政府公信力提升收益	$Q L > 0$
$π 22$	不储备策略下地方政府财政收入	$0 < π 21 < π 22$	$Q c$	中央政府公信力提升收益	$Q c > 0$
$C 11$	主动支持策略成本	$C 11 > 0$	$V$	协议代储费用	$V > 0$
$C 12$	非主动支持策略成本	$0 < C 12 < C 11$	$S$	中央政府救灾专项拨款	$S > 0$

策略选择

储备企业

储备企业参与

z

储备企业不参与

1 - z

中央政府

主动支持

$x$

地方政府

地方政府储备

$y$

$π 11 - C 11 + Q C + α C 11$ ,

$π 21 - C 21 + Q L - α C 11 - V$ ,

$V - C 3$

$π 11 - C 11 + Q c + α C 11$ ,

$π 21 - C 21 + Q L - α C 11$ ,

$0$

地方政府不储备

$1 - y$

$π 11 - C 11 + Q c$ ,

$π 22 - C 22$ ,

$- C 3$

$π 11 - C 11$ ,

$π 22 - C 22$ ,

$0$

非主动支持

$1 - x$

地方政府

地方政府储备

$y$

$π 12 - C 12 - S$ ,

$π 21 - C 21 + Q L - V + S$ ,

$V - C 3$

$π 12 - C 12 - S$ ,

$π 21 - C 21 + Q L + S$ ,

$0$

地方政府不储备

$1 - y$

$π 12 - C 12 - S$ ,

$π 22 - C 22 + 1 - β S$ ,

$β S - C 3$

$π 12 - C 12$ ,

$π 22 - C 22$ ,

$0$

均衡点	$λ 1$	$λ 2$	$λ 3$
（0,0,0）	$π 11 - π 12 + C 12 - C 11$	$π 21 - π 22 + C 22 - C 21 + Q L + S$	$S β - C 3$
（0,0,1）	$π 11 - π 12 + C 12 - C 11 + Q c + S$	$π 21 - π 22 + C 22 - C 21 + Q L - V + S β$	$C 3 - S β$
（0,1,0）	$π 11 - π 12 + C 12 + α - 1 C 11 + Q c + S$	$π 22 - π 21 + C 21 - C 22 - Q L - S$	$V - C 3$
（0,1,1）	$π 11 - π 12 + C 12 + α - 1 C 11 + Q c + S$	$π 22 - π 21 + C 21 - C 22 - Q L + V - S β$	$C 3 - V$
（1,0,0）	$π 12 - π 11 + C 11 - C 12$	$π 21 - π 22 + C 22 - C 21 + Q L - α C 11$	$- C 3$
（1,0,1）	$π 12 - π 11 + C 11 - C 12 - Q c - S$	$π 21 - π 22 + C 22 - C 21 + Q L - V - α C 11$	$C 3$
（1,1,0）	$π 12 - π 11 - C 12 - α - 1 C 11 - Q c - S$	$π 22 - π 21 + C 21 - C 22 - Q L + α C 11$	$V - C 3$
（1,1,1）	$π 12 - π 11 - C 12 - α - 1 C 11 - Q c - S$	$π 22 - π 21 + C 21 - C 22 - Q L + α C 11 + V$	$C 3 - V$

均衡点	条件1	条件2	条件3
（0,0,0）	$π 11 - C 11 < π 12 - C 12$	$π 21 - C 21 + Q L + S < π 22 - C 22$	$S β < C 3$
（0,0,1）	$π 11 - C 11 + Q c + S < π 12 - C 12$	$π 21 - C 21 + Q L + S β < π 22 - C 22 + V$	$C 3 < S β$
（1,1,0）	$π 12 - C 12 - Q c - S < π 11 + α - 1 C 11$	$π 22 - C 22 - Q L + α C 11 < π 21 - C 21$	$V < C 3$
（1,1,1）	$π 12 - C 12 - Q c - S < π 11 + α - 1 C 11$	$π 22 - C 22 - Q L + α C 11 + V < π 21 - C 21$	$C 3 < V$

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Research on Emergency Supplies Reserve Strategy of Government-enterprise Cooperation from the Perspective of Hierarchical Responsibility

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