Abstract: Against the backdrop of the impending retirement wave of automotive power batteries, establishing a sustainable and resilient recycling network is both essential and imperative, representing a crucial step towards promoting a circular economy for these batteries. This study aims to enhance the resilience of the power battery recycling supply chain network. By comprehensively considering the exogenous uncertainties and endogenous fuzziness inherent in the reverse logistics network, we first propose a two-stage stochastic programming model that incorporates carbon emissions to achieve cost minimization under uncertainty. For comparison, a multi-enterprise collaborative model is then developed based on the concept of Intertwined Supply Networks (ISN). This collaborative model introduces an inter-enterprise strategy that, through a strategic facility capacity-sharing mechanism, enhances the collective capability to cope with external disruptions. Finally, a case study is conducted to reveal the influence of key parameters, such as disruption risk levels and capacity-sharing ratios, on expansion decisions, carbon emissions, and total costs, thereby validating the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed models. The comparative results demonstrate that supply chain collaboration can significantly improve the overall resource utilization efficiency of the power battery recycling network and enhance its resilience against external risks.

Key words: Power Battery Recycling, Supply Chain Network Design, Collaborative Supply Chain Network, Supply Chain Resilience, Intertwined Supply Network (ISN)