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Chinese Journal of Management Science ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 80-92.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.1809

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Differential Allocation Decision and Subsidy Effect of Limited Infectious Disease Vaccination Subsidy: Based on a Modified SIR Model

Yang Wu1,2, Haixiang Guo3,4, Yong Shi3,4(), Wenkai Zhang5, Lei Wang6   

  1. 1.School of Management,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China
    2.Hubei Industrial Policy and Management Research Center,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China
    3.School of Economics and Management,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China
    4.The Laboratory of Natural Disaster Risk Prevention and Emergency Management,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China
    5.School of Economics and Management,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China
    6.Hubei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China
  • Received:2023-10-31 Revised:2024-01-26 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-06
  • Contact: Yong Shi E-mail:shiyong@cug.edu.cn

Abstract:

Vaccination is one of the most effective measures to prevent and control epidemic events, and governments often use vaccination subsidies to increase residents’ willingness to be vaccinated. Given the university and the importance of the vaccination subsidy budget constraint, a decision approach for differentiated allocation of vaccination subsidies based on the subsidy effectiveness is designed to maximize its utility. The approach consists of two parts, first, by integrating the interpersonal contact characteristics of different age populations and the immunity enhancement of vaccination, an improved SIR-based epidemic dynamic model is constructed to simulate the local epidemic trend, if there is an imported new round of outbreak, under a certain subsidy allocation scheme. Then, taking into account the principles of allocation efficiency and allocation equity, a decision model for vaccination subsidy allocation is constructed based on the characteristics of different subpopulations to optimize the subsidy effect. Finally, a case study of the COVID-19 vaccination subsidy in Hubei province is conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed decision approach. The present research finds that (1) The vaccination subsidy can affect the development of epidemics by influencing the vaccination willingness of the population, and the optimal value of the subsidy budget exists in terms of delaying the peak time; (2) The frequency of interpersonal interactions is an important factor influencing the vaccination subsidy allocation scheme, and more subsidies should be allocated to populations with higher interpersonal interaction frequencies; (3) Consideration of the allocation fairness will lead to the reduction in the effectiveness of the epidemic prevention and should be taken into consideration in practice.

Key words: vaccination subsidy, budget constraints, differential allocation, interpersonal contact frequency

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