依托平台农超对接运营模式及物流协作机制研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0998

Abstract

Abstract:

The connection between agriculture and super is an important way to promote the upward movement of agricultural products， and one of the reasons for the difficulty of farmers' continuous income increase in the connection between agriculture and super is the lack of efficient agricultural products operation mode and logistics cooperation system. At this time， the decision of whether logistics enterprises cooperate is related to logistics costs and farmers' income. Therefore， considering the characteristics of small scale and scattered tasks， the logistics cooperation mode of agricultural and super docking is constructed from the concept of cooperative game. Firstly， based on the characteristics of “wide area、 long line and many points”， the logistics cooperation mechanism of agricultural and super docking logistics is designed. Secondly， in order to solve the scheduling optimization problem in actual logistics， a multi-party cooperative logistics cost minimization model considering time window constraint is established， and the total logistics cost is allocated by Shapley value method. Finally， based on numerical experiments， the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified， and the farmer's income model is constructed considering logistics efficiency， and the change of farmer's income in different models is compared.The research shows that the logistics cooperation mode of connecting agricultural and super supermarkets can reduce the total logistics cost of about 8.77%-35.80%， improve the transportation efficiency， and increase the income of farmers by about 54.85%-71.58%， and encourage farmers to participate in the connection of agricultural and super supermarkets to achieve continuous income increase. When the Rural-super docking is carried out nationwide， the number of participating farmers increases， and the logistics cooperation mode is more beneficial to farmers， enterprises and supermarkets， which provides a new scientific idea for solving the actual logistics problems of rural-super docking.

Key words: logistics collaboration, cost allocation, agricultural supermarket docking, farmer income

CLC Number:

Weizhen Rao,Zhaoxun Gao,Qinghua Zhu. Research on the Operation Mode and Logistics Cooperation Mechanism Based on the Platform Agriculture-supermarket Docking[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2026, 34(5): 242-255.

Figures/Tables 14

符号	说明
N	所有企业的客户集合，N={1, 2, …,\|N\|}
M	所有配送中心集合，M={1, 2, …, \|M\|}
K	所有配送中心车辆集合，K={1, 2, …, \|K\|}
D	所有企业待配送客户集合，D={1, 2, …, \|D\|}
P	所有企业待取货客户集合，P={\|D\|+1, \|D\|+2, …, d}
D_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ n)个物流企业待配送客户集合
P_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ n)个物流企业待取货客户集合
K_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ n)个物流企业的车辆集合
Q	运输车辆的最大载量
L	运输车辆允许行驶的最大距离
C_f	每单位车辆的固定成本
h	每单位车辆运输时产生变动成本
t_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ d)个顾客的服务时间
e_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ d)个顾客的最早到达时间
l_i	第i(1 ≤ i ≤ d)个顾客的最晚到达时间
S^j	第j(1 ≤ j ≤ 2 ⁿ -1)个子联盟，且S^j ≠ ∅
K^j	第j(1 ≤ j ≤ 2 ⁿ -1)个子联盟中车辆的集合
D^j	第j(1 ≤ j ≤ 2 ⁿ -1)个子联盟配送客户集合
P^j	第j(1 ≤ j ≤ 2 ⁿ -1)个子联盟取货客户集合
M^j	第j(1 ≤ j ≤ 2 ⁿ -1)个子联盟配送中心集合
q_i	第i(i∈D^j )个客户的送货需求量
q_j	第j(j∈P^j )个客户的取货需求量
g_ik	车辆k(k∈K^j )在点i(1 ≤ i ≤ d)处等待时间
w_ik	车辆k(k∈K^j )在点i(1 ≤ i ≤ d)处离开时间
d_ei	配送中心e(e∈M^j)与点i(i∈P^j )处的距离
d_ej	配送中心e(e∈M^j)与点j(j∈D^j )处的距离
d_ij	节点i(i∈P^j )与点j(j∈D^j )之间的距离
Q_ef	从配送中心e(e∈M^j )向配送中心f(f∈M^j \{e})所需调配货物量
d_op	任意两待取货客户或配送中心与待取货客户o, p之间的配送距离
d_st	任意两待配送客户或配送中心与待配送客户s, t之间的配送距离
d_ef	任意两个企业的配送中心e, f之间的配送距离(e, f∈M^j )
Z_ei	0-1变量，顾客i(i∈D^j )由第e个配送中心派出车辆服务时为1，否则为0
Z_ej	0-1变量，顾客j(j∈P^j )由第e个配送中心派出车辆服务时为1，否则为0
u_k	0-1变量，车辆k(k∈K^j )被启用时为1，否则为0
x_opk	0-1变量，车辆k(k∈K^j )经过弧(o, p)时为1，o, p∈P^j ∪M^j，否则为0
x_stk	0-1变量，车辆k(k∈K^j )经过弧(s, t)时为1，s, t∈D^j ∪M^j，否则为0
y_efk	0-1变量，车辆k(k∈K^j )经过弧(e, f)时为1，e, f∈M^j，否则为0

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No.					ACO-CC	SGVNSALS	ALNS
No.	d	t	T	Q	BEST	BEST	BEST	GAP(%)
pr01	48	4	500	200	1085.70	1190.00	1099.42	2.36
pr02	96	4	480	195	1766.60	2082.10	1803.35	2.33
pr03	144	4	460	150	2440.60	2725.56	2574.63	8.47
pr04	192	4	440	185	3349.70	3558.48	3066.29	8.91
pr05	240	4	420	180	3372.10	3789.84	3118.65	4.17
pr06	288	4	400	175	4153.50	4651.68	3945.21	8.77
pr07	72	6	500	200	1453.98	1527.00	1610.02	13.52
pr08	144	6	475	190	2257.40	2511.62	2293.40	9.38
pr09	216	6	450	180	3065.30	3431.24	2293.40	0.00
pr10	288	6	425	170	3976.70	4671.04	3785.30	8.17
pr11	48	4	500	200	1007.99	1032.98	860.95	0.00
pr12	96	4	480	195	1486.30	1602.65	1587.53	7.79
pr13	144	4	460	150	2222.30	2274.40	2251.28	12.46
pr14	192	4	440	185	2568.99	2721.26	2381.53	8.15
pr15	240	4	420	180	3079.87	3171.43	2613.25	6.00
pr16	288	4	400	175	3387.01	3808.61	3168.22	9.40
pr17	72	6	500	200	1287.50	1253.21	1326.20	7.28
pr18	144	6	475	190	2029.23	2040.39	1976.52	10.26
pr19	216	6	450	180	2665.63	2681.81	1788.67	0.00
pr20	288	6	425	170	3678.89	3864.18	3366.15	9.42
Avg.					2516.76	2729.47	2345.50

j	BS	S^j	C_n (S)	C(S)	SC(%)
1	[0 0 0 1]	{4}	60.06	60.06	0.00
2	[0 0 1 0]	{3}	232.04	232.04	0.00
3	[0 0 1 1]	{3, 4}	292.10	208.55	28.60
4	[0 1 0 0]	{2}	113.71	113.71	0.00
5	[0 1 0 1]	{2, 4}	173.77	147.27	15.25
6	[0 1 1 0]	{2, 3}	345.75	308.68	10.72
7	[0 1 1 1]	{2, 3, 4}	405.81	306.83	24.39
8	[1 0 0 0]	{1}	116.00	116.00	0.00
9	[1 0 0 1]	{1,4}	176.06	159.47	9.42
10	[1 0 1 0]	{1, 3}	348.04	297.06	14.65
11	[1 0 1 1]	{1, 3, 4}	408.10	307.01	24.77
12	[1 1 0 0]	{1, 2}	229.71	178.42	22.33
13	[1 1 0 1]	{1, 2, 4}	289.77	207.59	28.36
14	[1 1 1 0]	{1, 2, 3}	461.75	341.29	26.09
15	[1 1 1 1]	{1, 2, 3, 4}	521.81	347.06	33.49

分摊方法	指标	企业1	企业2	企业3	企业4
Shapley	C_i	202.78	286.41	271.29	258.66
	φ_i	106.09	220.10	143.08	185.02
	SC_i	96.69	66.31	128.21	73.65
	ESR_i (%)	47.68	23.15	47.26	28.47

模式	γ(%)	α	Q_s	p₁	P_f
农户+合作社+超市	-	0.20	907.99	4.38	3977.00
单独物流	1.00	0.00	799.99	5.48	3364.81
协作物流	1.00	0.00	1240.99	5.48	5781.49

v′	V(%)	SC(%)	企业1		企业2		企业3		企业4
v′	V(%)	SC(%)	φ_t	SC_t (%)	φ_t	SC_t (%)	φ_t	SC_t (%)	φ_t	SC_t (%)
960	19.59	40.72	134.97	40.31	147.60	47.22	136.52	38.84	75.97	28.42
1152	23.51	49.15	154.50	42.58	101.02	61.15	209.85	46.45	136.45	48.02
1560	31.84	51.25	198.53	44.74	132.80	56.76	176.24	49.98	162.46	54.30

Research on the Operation Mode and Logistics Cooperation Mechanism Based on the Platform Agriculture-supermarket Docking

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V(%)	P_f-nc	P_f-c	P(%)
19.59	1230.28	2028.93	64.92
23.51	608.41	1640.95	169.71
31.84	379.35	1267.92	234.23

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