关键词: 应急设施选址, 多期疏散与分配, 异质心理, 联合优化, FW-PH算法

Abstract: Against the backdrop of escalating global disaster risks, enhancing the effectiveness of emergency response systems has been recognized as a core challenge in disaster management. The disaster emergency management problem under uncertain scenarios is addressed in this paper, where a joint decision optimization model under heterogeneous psychological characteristics of disaster-affected people is constructed, comprehensively considering emergency facility location, evacuation of disaster-affected people, and material distribution. The pre-disaster preparation phase is focused on the planning of emergency facility location; in the post-disaster response phase, time-varying strategies are introduced to characterize the dynamic features of multi-period evacuation and material distribution. Based on behavioral decision theory, a differentiated deprivation cost function is constructed to quantify the psychological distress levels of different affected groups, thereby characterizing the heterogeneous psychological features of disaster-affected people. To achieve integrated optimization before and after the disaster, a two-stage mixed-integer stochastic programming model with the objective of minimizing social costs is established, jointly optimizing pre-disaster facility location and material reserve as well as post-disaster multi-period evacuation and material distribution of disaster-affected people. To efficiently solve large-scale problems, an FW-PH algorithm integrating Frank-Wolfe (FW) decomposition and progressive hedging (PH) strategies is designed. Using the strong typhoon disaster in Guangdong Province as a case study, the computational performance of the FW-PH algorithm and the Gurobi solver is compared, with results indicating that the proposed algorithm significantly improves computational efficiency when handling large-scale instances. Further parameter analysis verifies the robustness of the model and algorithm, providing scientific support for emergency management departments to optimize resource allocation and material scheduling.

Key words: emergency facility location, multi-period evacuation and allocation, heterogeneous psychology, joint optimization, FW-PH algorithm