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中国管理科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 360-368.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.2191

• • 上一篇    

基于家庭特征视角的中国居民碳足迹评估

杨凯童1, 吴军1, 米志付2, 杨俊艾3(), 汤铃4   

  1. 1.北京化工大学经济管理学院,北京 100029
    2.伦敦大学学院巴特莱特可持续建设学院,伦敦 WC1E 7HB
    3.中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院,北京 100190
    4.中国科学院大学经济与管理学院,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-28 修回日期:2024-11-05 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 杨俊艾 E-mail:junai.yang@amss.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971007);国家社会科学基金领军人才项目(23VRC063);北京市自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目(JQ21033);国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20241864)

Assessing Household Carbon Footprints in China Based on the Household Characteristics

Kaitong Yang1, Jun Wu1, Zhifu Mi2, Junai Yang3(), Ling Tang4   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China
    2.The Bartlett School for Sustainable Construction,University College London,London WC1E 7HB,UK
    3.Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China
    4.School of Economics and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China
  • Received:2023-12-28 Revised:2024-11-05 Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-04-21
  • Contact: Junai Yang E-mail:junai.yang@amss.ac.cn

摘要:

居民消费碳排放是全球碳排放的重要组成部分,并已成为新的增长点,在我国家庭小型化和少子化等多种人口趋势并存的背景下,家庭特征与居民消费碳排放之间的关系值得深入研究。基于此,本文有机融合了2020年宏观价值型投入产出表与微观家庭追踪调查数据,构建了基于家庭特征的投入产出模型,系统核算中国不同家庭特征的居民碳足迹,并从城乡角度对碳足迹进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)人均碳足迹随着家庭规模的增加而减少,并呈现边际贡献递减的特征;(2)在相同的家庭规模内,随着儿童数量的增加,人均碳足迹呈现递增趋势,主要归因于文教娱乐部门消费的增加;(3)城乡居民碳足迹存在差异,但随着家庭规模的扩大,城乡碳足迹相对差距有所缩小。精准把握不同家庭特征的居民碳足迹差异,能为消费端的居民碳减排提供有效支撑。

关键词: 居民碳足迹, 家庭规模, 家庭结构, 城乡差距, 投入产出模型

Abstract:

Carbon emissions from household consumption constitute a significant share of global emissions and represent an increasingly important area of policy concern. The household carbon footprint—defined as the sum of direct and indirect carbon emissions of household consumption along the supply chain—has received increasing attention. In China, the coexistence of various population trends such as household miniaturization (i.e., a rise in single- and two-person households) and persistently low fertility rates make it crucial to understand the relationship between household characteristics (e.g., household size and structure) and household carbon footprints. However, research on household carbon footprints based on household characteristics is still in its infancy. To address this issue, the micro-household survey data are combined with the input-output tables to build an extended input-output model that estimates household carbon footprints for different household sizes and structures, covering both urban and rural areas in China. Specifically, the input-output tables and population data are sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics, the carbon emissions inventory is sourced from the Carbon Emission Account and Datasets (CEADs), and household consumption expenditure data is sourced from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The results reveal three key findings. First, per capita household carbon footprints decrease with increasing household size, displaying a decreasing marginal contribution due to economies of scale in shared consumption (e.g., housing and transport). Second, within households of the same size, those with more children exhibit higher per capita carbon footprints, primarily due to increased spending on culture, education, and entertainment. Third, although urban households generally have higher per capita emissions than rural ones, the gap narrows as household size increases. These results highlight the importance of incorporating household and demographic characteristics into climate mitigation strategies. A better understanding of how household composition influences carbon footprints can inform targeted mitigation strategies and promote more equitable and effective climate action at the household level.

Key words: household carbon footprints, household size, household structure, urban-rural gap, input-output model

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