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中国管理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 361-368.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2022.2225

• • 上一篇    

主体不平等视角下黄河流域水资源分配的破产博弈研究

宋妍1, 张鹭1, 张明2()   

  1. 1.西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西 西安 710126
    2.中国矿业大学经济管理学院,江苏 徐州 221116
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-14 修回日期:2023-02-11 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-10-24
  • 通讯作者: 张明 E-mail:zhangmingdlut@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(72173094);国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174195);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874189);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(XJS220609)

Bankruptcy Game of Water Resource Allocation in the Yellow River Basin Based on Subject Inequality

Yan Song1, Lu Zhang1, Ming Zhang2()   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management,Xidian University,Xi’an 710126,China
    2.School of Economics and Management,China University of Mining & Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China
  • Received:2022-10-14 Revised:2023-02-11 Online:2025-10-25 Published:2025-10-24
  • Contact: Ming Zhang E-mail:zhangmingdlut@163.com

摘要:

公平合理地确定水量分配是实现黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的迫切需要。基于破产理论和纳什讨价还价博弈,本文构建了考虑主体不平等性的黄河流域水资源分配的破产博弈模型。从尊重历史和现状用水、可持续发展、公平性、效益最大化四个原则出发,本文建立了沿黄各省区在水资源分配谈判中的议价能力评价指标体系,并运用基于群搜索优化算法的投影寻踪模型对其进行测算,最后根据主体满意度函数的联动函数得到黄河流域水资源分配的优化方案。研究结果表明:(1)本文提出的分水方案综合考虑了各省区的历史分配结果、用水现状、经济发展、水资源依赖程度以及流域面积等因素,议价能力高低的谱系两端分别是山东省和青海省。(2)基于破产博弈的水资源分配方案最大程度地满足了需水量少且议价能力高的需水主体的需要。当流域各省区的议价能力一定时,随着需水量的减少,分配水量会相应地减少,但满意度得到了显著提高。(3)基于破产博弈的黄河流域水资源分配方案是基于各省区分配水量的效用函数所得到的最优解,兼顾了流域各需水主体的利益和不平等性,提高了流域水资源分配的公平合理性和可接受性,为公共流域的水资源分配冲突问题提供了新的解决思路。

关键词: 黄河流域, 水资源分配, 主体不平等, 破产博弈, 议价能力

Abstract:

In the context of the national strategy for the Yellow River basin's ecological protection and high-quality development, the problem of water allocation will come up again. To protect the environment and build a high-quality economy in the Yellow River Basin, water resources must be shared in a fair and reasonable way. The nine provinces (districts) of the Yellow River water supply area are taken as the object of study, and 2020 is taken as the current water use year in this paper. Based on the bankruptcy theory and Nash bargaining game, a model is constructed for water resources allocation in the Yellow River Basin. The model takes account of the inequality of the subject. The system of indicators for assessing each province’s bargaining power is established based on respect for historical and current water use, sustainable development, fairness, and maximization of benefits. And the projection pursuit model of the group search optimization algorithm is used to measure bargaining power. Then, the optimal water resource allocation scheme in the Yellow River basin is obtained based on the linking function of the satisfaction function. The findings indicate that: (1) The proposed water allocation scheme considers the historical allocation result, current water use, economic development, and water reliance of each province. Shandong and Qinghai are at the extremes of high and low bargaining power, respectively. (2) The water allocation scheme obtained using the bankruptcy game maximizes water users’ satisfaction with low water demand and high bargaining power. Water allocation decreases as water demand decreases, but satisfaction increases when bargaining power remains the same. (3) The water resource allocation scheme obtained using the bankruptcy game is the optimal solution based on the utility function of the water allocated to each province with respect to interest and subject inequality. It improves the fairness, rationality, and acceptability of water resource allocation in the Yellow River Basin and provides a new solution to the problem of conflicting water resource allocation in public basins.

Key words: Yellow River Basin, water resource allocation, subject inequality, bankruptcy game, bargaining power

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