基于活动敏感性的动态缓冲监控方法研究

中国管理科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10): 113-121.

基于活动敏感性的动态缓冲监控方法研究

别黎^1,2, 崔南方², 田文迪³, 赵雁²

1. 中南民族大学管理学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
2. 华中科技大学管理学院, 湖北武汉 430074;
3. 武汉纺织大学管理学院, 湖北武汉 430200

收稿日期:2012-03-23 修回日期:2013-04-30 出版日期:2014-10-20 发布日期:2014-10-20
作者简介:别黎（1983-），男（汉族），湖北荆州人，中南民族大学管理学院，讲师，研究方向：项目管理.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（71271097，71201119）；中南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目资助（CSQ13014）

Research on Activity Sensitivity Index based Dynamic Buffer Monitoring Method

BIE Li^1,2, CUI Nan-fang², TIAN Wen-di³, ZHAO Yan²

1. School of Management, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
3. School of Management, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China

Received:2012-03-23 Revised:2013-04-30 Online:2014-10-20 Published:2014-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 缓冲监控问题对于企业成功应用关键性项目管理，提高项目进度管理绩效和确保项目按时完工，都至关重要。本文针对现有缓冲监控方法在项目进度监控中所存在的忽视内部情况的问题，引入项目进度风险分析方法中的活动敏感性信息。研究了动态环境下活动敏感性指标的计算和监控阀值的设定，在缓冲的黄区监控中集成了考虑活动敏感信息的动态监控过程。在综合考虑缓冲指标和活动关联度指标的监控指标体系，综合设置各指标的监控阀值的基础上，提出了基于活动敏感性信息的关键链动态缓冲监控方法。最后通过一个算例将所提方法与现有方法进行比较，实验结果表明，合理设置活动关联度的监控阀值后，所提方法在总赶工时间、总赶工活动数、超计划完工次数以及监控负荷这四个绩效方面的结果更优。

关键词: 关键链项目管理, 缓冲监控, 进度监控, 活动敏感性

Abstract: The problem of buffer monitoring has a significant impact on successful application of the critical chain project management in many enterprises, and it can improve the performance of project schedule management and ensure the on-time delivery of projects. The current buffer monitoring methods neglect the project structure and activity information. To solve this defect, the activity sensitivity information in the schedule risk analysis method is introduced as a basis for decision making. The calculation of activity sensitivity index and the setting of action threshold are studied. An activity sensitivity index based dynamic monitoring process is triggered and integrated into buffer control when buffer consumption penetrates into the yellow region. Then an activity sensitivity index based dynamic buffer monitoring method is proposed. In detail, a indicator system with considering buffer index and activity cruciality index is established, and the action threshold of each indicator is set during project execution. Finally, a computational experiment is carried out to compare the proposed method and the current methods, the results show that the proposed method do better than the current buffer monitoring method in four performance indicators, such as the total crashing time, the total number of crashing activities, the frequency of completion time exceeding plans and monitoring load, when reasonably setting the action threshold of cruciality index.

Key words: critical chain project management, buffer monitoring, schedule monitoring, activity sensitivity

中图分类号:

F224

别黎, 崔南方, 田文迪, 赵雁. 基于活动敏感性的动态缓冲监控方法研究[J]. 中国管理科学, 2014, 22(10): 113-121.

BIE Li, CUI Nan-fang, TIAN Wen-di, ZHAO Yan. Research on Activity Sensitivity Index based Dynamic Buffer Monitoring Method[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2014, 22(10): 113-121.

参考文献

[1] Goldratt E M. Critical chain[M]. Great Barrington,Mass,USA:The North River Press Publishing Corporation,1997.

[2] Newbold R C. Project management in the fast lane-applying the theory of constraints[M]. Boca Raton:The St Lucie Press, 1998.

[3] Newbold R C. The billion dollar solution: Secrets of prochain project management[M]. Lake Ridge:Prochain Press,2008.

[4] Leach L P. Critical chain project management[M]. 2nd ed. London: Artech House Incorporation,2005.

[5] 马国丰,尤建新,杜学美. 项目进度的制约因素管理[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2007.

[6] Herroelen W, Leus R. On the merits and pitfalls of critical chain scheduling[J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2001,19(5):559-577.

[7] Tukel O I, Rom W O, Eksioglu S D. An investigation of buffer sizing techniques in critical chain scheduling[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006,172(2):401-416.

[8] Rabbani M, Ghomi S M T, Jolai F, et al. A new heuristic for resource constrained project scheduling in stochastic networks using critical chain concept[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2007,176(2):794-808.

[9] Watson K J, Blackstone J H, Gardiner S C. The evolution of a management philosophy:The theory of constraints[J]. Journal of Operations Management,2007,25(2): 387-402.

[10] Blackstone J H, Cox J F, Schleier J G. A tutorial on project management from a theory of constraints perspective [J]. International Journal of Production Research,2009,47(24):7029-7046.

[11] 蔡晨,万伟. 基于PERT/CPM的关键链管理[J]. 中国管理科学,2003,11(6):35-39.

[12] Bie Li, Cui Nanfang, Zhang Xiaoming. Buffer sizing approach with dependence assumption between activities in critical chain scheduling[J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2012, 50(24):7343-7356.

[13] Long L D, Ohsato A. Fuzzy critical chain method for project scheduling under resource constraints and uncertainty[J]. International Journal of Project Management,2008, 26(6): 688-698.

[14] 刘士新,宋健海,唐加福. 资源受限项目调度中缓冲区的设定方法[J]. 系统工程学报,2006,21(4):381-386.

[15] 褚春超. 缓冲估计与关键链项目管理[J]. 计算机集成制造系统,2008,5(14): 1029- 1035.

[16] 别黎,崔南方. 关键链多项目管理中能力约束缓冲大小研究[J]. 计算机集成制造系统,2011,17(7):1534-1540.

[17] 别黎,崔南方. 关键链动态缓冲监控方法研究[J]. 中国管理科学,2010,18(6):97-103.

[18] Van Slyke R M. Monte Carlo methods and the PERT problem[J]. Operations Research, 1963,11(5):839-860.

[19] Williams T. Criticality in stochastic networks[J]. Journal of the Operational Research Society,1992,43(4):353-3577.

[20] Pmbok A. A guide to the project management body of knowledge[M]. 3rd ed. Newtown Square,PA:Project Management Institute, 2004.

[21] Vanhoucke M. Using activity sensitiveity and network topology information to monitor project time performance[J]. Omega-International Journal of Management Science,2010,38(5):359-370.

[22] Vanhoucke M. On the dynamic use of project performance and schedule risk information during project tracking[J]. Omega-International Journal of Management Science,2011,39(4):416-426.

[23] 田文迪,崔南方. 关键链项目管理中关键链和非关键链的识别[J]. 工业工程与管理,2009,14(2):88-93.